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Psalm 141[a]

A psalm of David.

141 O Lord, I cry out to you. Come quickly to me.
Pay attention to me when I cry out to you.
May you accept my prayer like incense,
my uplifted hands like the evening offering.[b]
O Lord, place a guard on my mouth.
Protect the opening[c] of my lips.[d]
Do not let me have evil desires,[e]
or participate in sinful activities
with men who behave wickedly.[f]
I will not eat their delicacies.[g]
May the godly strike me in love and correct me.
May my head not refuse[h] choice oil.[i]
Indeed, my prayer is a witness against their evil deeds.[j]
They will be thrown over the side of a cliff by their judges.[k]
They[l] will listen to my words, for they are pleasant.
As when one plows and breaks up the soil,[m]
so our bones are scattered at the mouth of Sheol.
Surely I am looking to you,[n] O Sovereign Lord.
In you I take shelter.
Do not expose me to danger.[o]
Protect me from the snare they have laid for me,
and the traps the evildoers have set.[p]
10 Let the wicked fall[q] into their[r] own nets,
while I escape.[s]

Psalm 142[t]

A well-written song[u] by David, when he was in the cave;[v] a prayer.

142 To the Lord I cry out;[w]
to the Lord I plead for mercy.[x]
I pour out my lament before him;
I tell him about[y] my troubles.
Even when my strength leaves me,[z]
you watch my footsteps.[aa]
In the path where I walk
they have hidden a trap for me.
Look to the right and see.
No one cares about me.[ab]
I have nowhere to run;[ac]
no one is concerned about my life.[ad]
I cry out to you, O Lord;
I say, “You are my shelter,
my security[ae] in the land of the living.”
Listen to my cry for help,
for I am in serious trouble.[af]
Rescue me from those who chase me,
for they are stronger than I am.
Free me[ag] from prison,
that I may give thanks to your name.
Because of me the godly will assemble,[ah]
for you will vindicate me.[ai]

Psalm 143[aj]

A psalm of David.

143 O Lord, hear my prayer.
Pay attention to my plea for help.
Because of your faithfulness and justice, answer me.
Do not sit in judgment on[ak] your servant,
for no one alive is innocent before you.[al]
Certainly[am] my enemies[an] chase me.
They smash me into the ground.[ao]
They force me to live[ap] in dark regions,[aq]
like those who have been dead for ages.
My strength leaves me;[ar]
I am absolutely shocked.[as]
I recall the old days.[at]
I meditate on all you have done;
I reflect on your accomplishments.[au]
I spread my hands out to you in prayer;[av]
my soul thirsts for you in a parched[aw] land.[ax] (Selah)
Answer me quickly, Lord.
My strength is fading.[ay]
Do not reject me,[az]
or I will join[ba] those descending into the grave.[bb]
May I hear about your loyal love in the morning,[bc]
for I trust in you.
Show me the way I should go,[bd]
because I long for you.[be]
Rescue me from my enemies, O Lord.
I run to you for protection.[bf]
10 Teach me to do what pleases you,[bg]
for you are my God.
May your kind presence[bh]
lead me[bi] into a level land.[bj]
11 O Lord, for the sake of your reputation,[bk] revive me.[bl]
Because of your justice, rescue me from trouble.[bm]
12 As a demonstration of your loyal love,[bn] destroy my enemies.
Annihilate[bo] all who threaten my life,[bp]
for I am your servant.

Psalm 144[bq]

By David.

144 The Lord, my Protector,[br] deserves praise[bs]
the one who trains my hands for battle,[bt]
and my fingers for war,
who loves me[bu] and is my stronghold,
my refuge[bv] and my deliverer,
my shield and the one in whom I take shelter,
who makes nations submit to me.[bw]
O Lord, of what importance is the human race,[bx] that you should notice them?
Of what importance is mankind,[by] that you should be concerned about them?[bz]
People[ca] are like a vapor,
their days like a shadow that disappears.[cb]
O Lord, make the sky sink[cc] and come down.[cd]
Touch the mountains and make them smolder.[ce]
Hurl lightning bolts and scatter the enemy.
Shoot your arrows and rout them.[cf]
Reach down[cg] from above.
Grab me and rescue me from the surging water,[ch]
from the power of foreigners,[ci]
who speak lies,
and make false promises.[cj]
O God, I will sing a new song to you.
Accompanied by a ten-stringed instrument, I will sing praises to you,
10 the one who delivers[ck] kings,
and rescued David his servant from a deadly[cl] sword.
11 Grab me and rescue me from the power of foreigners,[cm]
who speak lies,
and make false promises.[cn]
12 Then[co] our sons will be like plants,
that quickly grow to full size.[cp]
Our daughters will be like corner pillars,[cq]
carved like those in a palace.[cr]
13 Our storehouses[cs] will be full,
providing all kinds of food.[ct]
Our sheep will multiply by the thousands
and fill[cu] our pastures.[cv]
14 Our cattle will be weighted down with produce.[cw]
No one will break through our walls,
no one will be taken captive,
and there will be no terrified cries in our city squares.[cx]
15 How blessed are the people who experience these things.[cy]
How blessed are the people whose God is the Lord.

Footnotes

  1. Psalm 141:1 sn Psalm 141. The psalmist asks God to protect him from sin and from sinful men.
  2. Psalm 141:2 tn Heb “may my prayer be established [like] incense before you, the uplifting of my hands [like] an evening offering.”
  3. Psalm 141:3 tn Heb “door.” The Hebrew word occurs only here in the OT.
  4. Psalm 141:3 sn My mouth…my lips. The psalmist asks God to protect him from speaking inappropriately or sinfully.
  5. Psalm 141:4 tn Heb “do not turn my heart toward an evil thing.”
  6. Psalm 141:4 tn Heb “to act sinfully in practices in wickedness with men, doers of evil.”
  7. Psalm 141:4 sn Their delicacies. This probably refers to the enjoyment that a sinful lifestyle appears to offer.
  8. Psalm 141:5 tn The form יָנִי (yani) appears to be derived from the verbal root נוּא (nuʾ). Another option is to emend the form to יְנָא (yenaʾ), a Piel from נָאָה (naʾah), and translate “may choice oil not adorn my head” (see L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 [WBC], 271). In this case, choice oil, like delicacies in v. 4, symbolize the pleasures of sin.
  9. Psalm 141:5 sn May my head not refuse choice oil. The psalmist compares the constructive criticism of the godly (see the previous line) to having refreshing olive oil poured over one’s head.
  10. Psalm 141:5 tc Heb “for still, and my prayer [is] against their evil deeds.” The syntax of the Hebrew text is difficult; the sequence -כִּי־עוֹד וּ (ki ʿod u-, “for still and”) occurs only here. The translation assumes an emendation to כִּי עֵד תְּפִלָּתִי (ki ʿed tefillati, “indeed a witness [is] my prayer”). The psalmist’s lament about the evil actions of sinful men (see v. 4) testifies against the wicked in the divine court.
  11. Psalm 141:6 tn Heb “they are thrown down by the hands of a cliff, their judges.” The syntax of the Hebrew text is difficult and the meaning uncertain. The perfect verbal form is understood as rhetorical; the psalmist describes the anticipated downfall of the wicked as if it had already occurred. “Their judges” could be taken as the subject of the verb, but this makes little, if any, sense. The translation assumes the judges are the agents and that the wicked, mentioned earlier in the psalm, are the subjects of the verb.
  12. Psalm 141:6 tn It is unclear how this statement relates to the preceding sentence. Perhaps the judges are the referent of the pronominal subject (“they”) of the verb “will listen,” and “my words” are the referent of the pronominal subject (“they”) of the phrase “are pleasant.” The psalmist may be affirming here his confidence that he will be vindicated when he presents his case before the judges, while the wicked will be punished.
  13. Psalm 141:7 tn Heb “like splitting and breaking open in the earth.” The meaning of the statement and the point of the comparison are not entirely clear. Perhaps the psalmist is suggesting that he and other godly individuals are as good as dead; their bones are scattered about like dirt that is dug up and tossed aside.
  14. Psalm 141:8 tn Heb “my eyes [are] toward you.”
  15. Psalm 141:8 tn Heb “do not lay bare my life.” Only here is the Piel form of the verb collocated with the term נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh, “life”). In Isa 53:12 the Lord’s servant “lays bare (the Hiphil form of the verb is used) his life to death.”
  16. Psalm 141:9 tn Heb “and the traps of the doers of evil.”
  17. Psalm 141:10 tn The prefixed verbal form is understood as a jussive of prayer. Another option is to translate, “the wicked will fall.”
  18. Psalm 141:10 tn Heb “his.”
  19. Psalm 141:10 tn Heb “at the same [that] I, until I pass by.” Another option is to take יַחַד (yakhad) with the preceding line, “let the wicked fall together into their own nets.”
  20. Psalm 142:1 sn Psalm 142. The psalmist laments his persecuted state and asks the Lord to deliver him from his enemies.
  21. Psalm 142:1 tn The meaning of the Hebrew term מַשְׂכִּיל (maskil) is uncertain. The word is derived from a verb meaning “to be prudent; to be wise.” Various options are: “a contemplative song,” “a song imparting moral wisdom,” or “a skillful [i.e., well-written] song.” The term occurs in the superscriptions of Pss 32, 42, 44, 45, 52-55, 74, 78, 88, 89, and 142, as well as in Ps 47:7.
  22. Psalm 142:1 sn According to the superscription, David wrote this psalm while in “the cave.” This probably refers to either the incident recorded in 1 Sam 22:1 or to the one recorded in 1 Sam 24:3. See the superscription of Ps 57.
  23. Psalm 142:1 tn Heb “[with] my voice to the Lord I cry out.”
  24. Psalm 142:1 tn Heb “[with] my voice to the Lord I plead for mercy.”
  25. Psalm 142:2 tn Heb “my trouble before him I declare.”
  26. Psalm 142:3 tn Heb “my spirit grows faint.”
  27. Psalm 142:3 tn Heb “you know my path.”
  28. Psalm 142:4 tn Heb “there is no one who recognizes me.”
  29. Psalm 142:4 tn Heb “ a place of refuge perishes from me.”
  30. Psalm 142:4 tn Heb “there is no one who seeks for the sake of my life.”
  31. Psalm 142:5 tn Heb “my portion.” The psalmist compares the Lord to landed property, which was foundational to economic stability in ancient Israel.
  32. Psalm 142:6 tn Heb “for I am very low.”
  33. Psalm 142:7 tn Heb “bring out my life.”
  34. Psalm 142:7 tn Or “gather around.”
  35. Psalm 142:7 tn The Hebrew idiom גָּמַל עַל (gamal ʿal) means “to repay,” here in a positive sense.
  36. Psalm 143:1 sn Psalm 143. As in the previous psalm, the psalmist laments his persecuted state and asks the Lord to deliver him from his enemies.
  37. Psalm 143:2 tn Heb “do not enter into judgment with.”
  38. Psalm 143:2 tn Heb “for no one living is innocent before you.”
  39. Psalm 143:3 tn Or “for.”
  40. Psalm 143:3 tn Heb “an enemy.” The singular is used in a representative sense to describe a typical member of the larger group of enemies (note the plural “enemies” in vv. 9, 12).
  41. Psalm 143:3 tn Heb “he crushes on the ground my life.”
  42. Psalm 143:3 tn Or “sit.”
  43. Psalm 143:3 sn Dark regions refers to Sheol, which the psalmist views as a dark place located deep in the ground (see Ps 88:6).
  44. Psalm 143:4 tn Heb “my spirit grows faint.”
  45. Psalm 143:4 tn Heb “in my midst my heart is shocked.” For a similar use of the Hitpolel of שָׁמֵם (shamem), see Isa 59:16; 63:5.
  46. Psalm 143:5 tn Or “ancient times”; Heb “days from before.”
  47. Psalm 143:5 tn Heb “the work of your hands.”
  48. Psalm 143:6 tn The words “in prayer” are supplied in the translation to clarify that the psalmist is referring to a posture of prayer.
  49. Psalm 143:6 tn Heb “faint” or “weary.” See Ps 63:1.
  50. Psalm 143:6 tc Heb “my soul like a faint land for you.” A verb (perhaps “thirsts”) is implied (see Ps 63:1). The translation assumes an emendation of the preposition כ (kaf, “like”) to ב (bet, “in,” see Ps 63:1; cf. NEB “athirst for thee in a thirsty land”). If the MT is retained, one might translate, “my soul thirsts for you, as a parched land does for water/rain” (cf. NIV, NRSV).
  51. Psalm 143:7 tn Heb “my spirit is failing.”
  52. Psalm 143:7 tn Heb “do not hide your face from me.” The idiom “hide the face” (1) can mean “ignore” (see Pss 10:11; 13:1; 51:9) or (2) can carry the stronger idea of “reject” (see Pss 30:7; 88:14).
  53. Psalm 143:7 tn Heb “I will be equal with.”
  54. Psalm 143:7 tn Heb “the pit.” The Hebrew noun בּוֹר (bor, “pit; cistern”) is sometimes used of the grave and/or the realm of the dead. See Ps 28:1.
  55. Psalm 143:8 tn Heb “cause me to hear in the morning your loyal love.” Here “loyal love” probably stands metonymically for an oracle of assurance promising God’s intervention as an expression of his loyal love.sn The morning is sometimes viewed as the time of divine intervention (see Pss 30:5; 59:16; 90:14).
  56. Psalm 143:8 sn The way probably refers here to God’s moral and ethical standards and requirements (see v. 10).
  57. Psalm 143:8 tn Heb “for to you I lift up my life.” The Hebrew expression נָאָשׂ נֶפֶשׁ (naʾas nefesh, “to lift up [one’s] life”) means “to desire; to long for” (see Deut 24:15; Prov 19:18; Jer 22:27; 44:14; Hos 4:8, as well as H. W. Wolff, Anthropology of the Old Testament, 16).
  58. Psalm 143:9 tn Heb “to you I cover,” which makes no sense. The translation assumes an emendation to נַסְתִּי (nasti, “I flee,” a Qal perfect, first singular form from נוּס, nos). Confusion of כ (kaf) and נ (nun) is attested elsewhere (see P. K. McCarter, Textual Criticism [GBS], 48). The collocation of נוּס (“flee”) with אֶל (ʾel, “to”) is well-attested.
  59. Psalm 143:10 tn Or “your will.” See Ps 40:8.
  60. Psalm 143:10 tn Heb “your good spirit.” God’s “spirit” may refer here to his presence (see the note on the word “presence” in Ps 139:7) or to his personal Spirit (see Ps 51:10).
  61. Psalm 143:10 tn The prefixed verbal form is taken as a jussive. Taking the statement as a prayer fits well with the petitionary tone of vv. 7-10a.
  62. Psalm 143:10 sn A level land (where one can walk free of obstacles) here symbolizes divine blessing and protection. See Pss 26:12 and 27:11 for similar imagery.
  63. Psalm 143:11 tn Heb “name,” which here stands metonymically for God’s reputation.
  64. Psalm 143:11 tn The imperfect verbal forms in vv. 11-12a are understood as expressing the psalmist’s desire. Note the petitionary tone of vv. 7-10a.
  65. Psalm 143:11 tn Heb “by your justice bring out my life from trouble.”
  66. Psalm 143:12 tn Heb “in [or “by”] your faithfulness.”
  67. Psalm 143:12 tn The perfect with vav (ו) consecutive carries on the mood of the preceding imperfect.
  68. Psalm 143:12 tn Heb “all the enemies of my life.”
  69. Psalm 144:1 sn Psalm 144. The psalmist expresses his confidence in God, asks for a mighty display of divine intervention in an upcoming battle, and anticipates God’s rich blessings on the nation in the aftermath of military victory.
  70. Psalm 144:1 tn Heb “my rocky summit.” The Lord is compared to a rocky summit where one can find protection from enemies. See Ps 18:2.
  71. Psalm 144:1 tn Heb “blessed [be] the Lord, my rocky summit.”
  72. Psalm 144:1 sn The one who trains my hands for battle. The psalmist attributes his skill with weapons to divine enablement (see Ps 18:34). Egyptian reliefs picture gods teaching the king how to shoot a bow. See O. Keel, The Symbolism of the Biblical World, 265.
  73. Psalm 144:2 tn Heb “my loyal love,” which is probably an abbreviated form of “the God of my loyal love” (see Ps 59:10, 17).
  74. Psalm 144:2 tn Or “my elevated place.”
  75. Psalm 144:2 tn Heb “the one who subdues nations beneath me.”
  76. Psalm 144:3 tn Heb “What is mankind?” The singular noun אֱנוֹשׁ (ʾenosh) is used here in a collective sense and refers to the human race. See Ps 8:5.
  77. Psalm 144:3 tn Heb “and the son of man.” The phrase “son of man” is used here in a collective sense and refers to human beings. For other uses of the phrase in a collective or representative manner, see Num 23:19; Ps 146:3; Isa 51:12.
  78. Psalm 144:3 tn Heb “take account of him.” The two imperfect verbal forms in v. 4 describe God’s characteristic activity.
  79. Psalm 144:4 tn Heb “man,” or “mankind.”
  80. Psalm 144:4 tn Heb “his days [are] like a shadow that passes away,” that is, like a late afternoon shadow made by the descending sun that will soon be swallowed up by complete darkness. See Ps 102:11.
  81. Psalm 144:5 tn The Hebrew verb נָטָה (natah) can carry the sense “to [cause to] bend; to [cause to] bow down.” For example, Gen 49:15 pictures Issachar as a donkey that “bends” its shoulder or back under a burden. Here the Lord causes the sky, pictured as a dome or vault, to sink down as he descends in the storm. See Ps 18:9.
  82. Psalm 144:5 tn Heb “so you might come down.” The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose after the preceding imperative. The same type of construction is utilized in v. 6.
  83. Psalm 144:5 tn Heb “so they might smolder.” The prefixed verbal form with vav (ו) conjunctive indicates purpose after the preceding imperative.
  84. Psalm 144:6 sn Arrows and lightning bolts are associated in other texts (see Pss 18:14; 77:17-18; Zech 9:14), as well as in ancient Near Eastern art (see R. B. Chisholm, “An Exegetical and Theological study of Psalm 18/2 Samuel 22” [Th.D. diss., Dallas Theological Seminary, 1983], 187).
  85. Psalm 144:7 tn Heb “stretch out your hands.”
  86. Psalm 144:7 tn Heb “mighty waters.” The waters of the sea symbolize the psalmist’s powerful foreign enemies, as well as the realm of death they represent (see the next line and Ps 18:16-17).
  87. Psalm 144:7 tn Heb “from the hand of the sons of foreignness.”
  88. Psalm 144:8 tn Heb “who [with] their mouth speak falsehood, and their right hand is a right hand of falsehood.” The reference to the “right hand” is probably a metonymy for an oath. When making an oath, one would raise the hand as a solemn gesture. See Exod 6:8; Num 14:30; Deut 32:40. The figure thus represents the making of false oaths (false promises).
  89. Psalm 144:10 tn Heb “grants deliverance to.”
  90. Psalm 144:10 tn Heb “harmful.”
  91. Psalm 144:11 tn Heb “from the hand of the sons of foreignness.”
  92. Psalm 144:11 tn Heb “who [with] their mouth speak falsehood, and their right hand is a right hand of falsehood.” See v. 8 where the same expression occurs.
  93. Psalm 144:12 tn Some consider אֲשֶׁר (ʾasher) problematic, but here it probably indicates the anticipated consequence of the preceding request. (For other examples of אֲשֶׁר indicating purpose/result, see BDB 83 s.v. and HALOT 99 s.v.) If the psalmist—who appears to be a Davidic king preparing to fight a battle (see vv. 10-11)—is victorious, the whole nation will be spared invasion and defeat (see v. 14) and can flourish. Some prefer to emend the form to אַשְׁרֵי (“how blessed [are our sons]”). A suffixed noun sometimes follows אַשְׁרֵי (ʾashre; see 1 Kgs 10:8; Prov 20:7), but the presence of a comparative element (see “like plants”) after the suffixed noun makes the proposed reading too awkward syntactically.
  94. Psalm 144:12 tn Heb “grown up in their youth.” The translation assumes that “grown up” modifies “plants” (just as “carved” modifies “corner pillars” in the second half of the verse). Another option is to take “grown up” as a predicate in relation to “our sons,” in which case one might translate, “they will be strapping youths.”
  95. Psalm 144:12 tn The Hebrew noun occurs only here and in Zech 9:15, where it refers to the corners of an altar.
  96. Psalm 144:12 tn Heb “carved [in] the pattern of a palace.”
  97. Psalm 144:13 tn The Hebrew noun occurs only here.
  98. Psalm 144:13 tn Heb “from kind to kind.” Some prefer to emend the text to מָזוֹן עַל מָזוֹן (mazon ʿal mazon, “food upon food”).
  99. Psalm 144:13 tn Heb “they are innumerable.”
  100. Psalm 144:13 tn Heb “in outside places.” Here the term refers to pastures and fields (see Job 5:10; Prov 8:26).
  101. Psalm 144:14 tn Heb “weighted down.” This probably refers (1) to the cattle having the produce from the harvest placed on their backs to be transported to the storehouses (see BDB 687 s.v. סָבַל). Other options are (2) to take this as reference to the cattle being pregnant (see HALOT 741 s.v. סבל pu) or (3) to their being well-fed or fattened (see L. C. Allen, Psalms 101-150 [WBC], 288).
  102. Psalm 144:14 tn Heb “there [will be] no breach, and there [will be] no going out, and there [will be] no crying out in our broad places.”
  103. Psalm 144:15 tn Heb “[O] the happiness of the people who [it is] such to them.”