Moses’ Last Counsel

31 So Moses went and spoke these words to all Israel. And he said to them, “I am (A)120 years old today; (B)I am no longer able to [a]go out and come in, and the Lord has told me, ‘(C)You shall not cross this Jordan.’ (D)It is the Lord your God who is going to cross ahead of you; He Himself will destroy these nations before you, and you shall dispossess them. (E)Joshua is the one who is going to cross ahead of you, just as the Lord has spoken. And the Lord will do to them just as He did to Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites, and to their land, when He destroyed them. (F)The Lord will turn them over to you, and you will do to them in accordance with all the commandments which I have commanded you. (G)Be strong and courageous, (H)do not be afraid or in dread of them, for (I)the Lord your God is the One who is going with you. (J)He will not desert you or abandon you.”

Then Moses called to Joshua and said to him in the sight of all Israel, “(K)Be strong and courageous, for you will go with this people into the land which the Lord has sworn to their fathers to give them, and you will give it to them as an inheritance. And (L)the Lord is the one who is going ahead of you; He will be with you. (M)He will not desert you or abandon you. Do not fear and do not be dismayed.”

So Moses wrote this Law and gave it to the priests, the sons of Levi (N)who carried the ark of the covenant of the Lord, and to all the elders of Israel. 10 Then Moses commanded them, saying, “At the end of every seven years, at the time of (O)the year of the release of debts, at the (P)Feast of Booths, 11 when all Israel comes (Q)to appear before the Lord your God at (R)the place which He will choose, (S)you shall read this Law before all Israel [b]so that they hear it. 12 Assemble the people, the men, the women, the children, and the stranger who is in your [c]town, so that they may hear and (T)learn and fear the Lord your God, and be careful to [d]follow all the words of this Law. 13 And their children, who have not known, will hear and learn to fear the Lord your God, as long as you live on the land [e]which you are about to cross the Jordan to [f]possess.”

Israel Will Fall Away

14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Behold, [g](U)the time for you to die is near; call Joshua and present yourselves at the tent of meeting, and I will commission him.” (V)So Moses and Joshua went and presented themselves at the tent of meeting. 15 (W)And the Lord appeared in the tent in a pillar of cloud, and the pillar of cloud stood at the entrance of the tent. 16 The Lord said to Moses, “Behold, (X)you are about to [h]lie down with your fathers; and (Y)this people will arise and play the prostitute with the foreign gods of the land into the midst of which they are going, and (Z)they will abandon Me and break My covenant which I have made with them. 17 (AA)Then My anger will be kindled against them on that day, and (AB)I will abandon them and (AC)hide My face from them, and they will be consumed, and many evils and troubles will find them; so they will say on that day, ‘(AD)Is it not because our God is not among us that these evils have found us?’ 18 But I will assuredly hide My face on that day because of all the evil that they will have done, for they will have turned away to other gods.

19 “Now then, (AE)write this song for yourselves, and teach it to the sons of Israel; put it [i]on their lips, so that this song may be a witness for Me against the sons of Israel. 20 (AF)For when I bring them into the land flowing with milk and honey, which I swore to their fathers, and they eat and are satisfied and (AG)become [j]prosperous, then they will turn to other gods and serve them, and spurn Me and break My covenant. 21 Then it will come about, (AH)when many evils and troubles find them, that this song will testify before them as a witness (for it shall not be forgotten from the mouth of their [k]descendants); for (AI)I know their inclination which they are [l]developing today, before I bring them into the land which I swore.” 22 (AJ)So Moses wrote down this song on the same day, and taught it to the sons of Israel.

Joshua Is Commissioned

23 (AK)Then He commissioned Joshua the son of Nun, and said, “(AL)Be strong and courageous, for you will bring the sons of Israel into the land which I swore to them, and (AM)I will be with you.”

24 It came about, when Moses finished writing the words of this Law in a book until they were complete, 25 that Moses commanded the Levites (AN)who carried the ark of the covenant of the Lord, saying, 26 “Take this Book of the Law and place it beside the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God, so that it may [m]remain there as a witness against you. 27 For I know (AO)your rebellion and (AP)your [n]stubbornness; behold, as long as I have been alive with you until today, you have been rebellious against the Lord; how much more, then, after my death? 28 Assemble to me all the elders of your tribes and your officers, that I may speak these words in their hearing and (AQ)call the heavens and the earth as witnesses against them. 29 For I know that after my death you will (AR)behave very corruptly and turn from the way which I have commanded you; and evil will confront you in the latter days, because you will do that which is evil in the sight of the Lord, provoking Him to anger with the work of your hands.”

30 Then Moses spoke in the hearing of all the assembly of Israel the words of this song, until they were complete:

The Song of Moses

32 (AS)Listen, you heavens, and I will speak;
And let the earth hear the words of my mouth!
(AT)May my teaching drip as the rain,
My speech trickle as the dew,
(AU)As droplets on the fresh grass,
And as the showers on the vegetation.
(AV)For I proclaim the name of the Lord;
(AW)Ascribe greatness to our God!
(AX)The Rock! His work is perfect,
(AY)For all His ways are [o]just;
(AZ)A God of faithfulness and without injustice,
Righteous and just is He.
[p](BA)They have acted corruptly against Him,
They are not His children, because of their defect;
(BB)But are a perverse and crooked generation.
Is this what you (BC)do to the Lord,
(BD)You foolish and unwise people?
(BE)Is He not your Father who has purchased you?
(BF)He has made you and established you.
Remember the days of old,
Consider the years of all generations.
(BG)Ask your father and he will inform you,
Your elders, and they will tell you.
(BH)When the Most High gave the nations their inheritance,
When He separated the sons of [q]mankind,
He set the boundaries of the peoples
(BI)According to the number of the [r]sons of Israel.
(BJ)For the Lords portion is His people;
Jacob is the allotment of His inheritance.
10 (BK)He found him in a desert land,
And in the howling wasteland of a wilderness;
He encircled him, He cared for him,
He guarded him as (BL)the [s]apple of His eye.
11 (BM)As an eagle stirs up its nest,
And hovers over its young,
(BN)He spread His wings, He caught them,
He carried them on His pinions.
12 (BO)The Lord alone guided him,
(BP)And there was no foreign god with him.
13 (BQ)He had him ride on the high places of the earth,
And he ate the produce of the field;
(BR)And He had him suck honey from the rock,
And [t](BS)oil from the flinty rock,
14 Curds of the herd, and milk of the flock,
With fat of lambs
And rams, the breed of Bashan, and of goats,
(BT)With the best of the wheat;
And you drank wine of the (BU)blood of grapes.

15 (BV)But [u]Jeshurun became fat and kicked—
You have become fat, thick, and obstinate—
(BW)Then he abandoned God (BX)who made him,
And [v]rejected (BY)the Rock of his salvation.
16 (BZ)They made Him jealous with strange gods;
(CA)With abominations they provoked Him to anger.
17 (CB)They sacrificed to demons, who were not God,
(CC)To gods whom they have not known,
(CD)New gods who came lately,
Whom your fathers did not know.
18 You forgot (CE)the Rock who fathered you,
(CF)And forgot the God who gave you birth.

19 (CG)The Lord saw this, and spurned them
(CH)Because of the provocation by His sons and daughters.
20 Then He said, ‘I will hide My face from them,
(CI)I will see what their end will be;
(CJ)For they are a perverse generation,
(CK)Sons in whom there is no faithfulness.
21 (CL)They have made Me jealous with what is not God;
They have provoked Me to anger with their [w](CM)idols.
(CN)So I will make them jealous with those who are not a people;
I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation,
22 (CO)For a fire has flared in My anger,
And it burns to the lowest part of [x]Sheol,
(CP)And devours the earth with its yield,
And sets on fire the foundations of the mountains.

23 (CQ)I will add misfortunes to them;
(CR)I will use up My arrows on them.
24 (CS)They will be wasted by famine, and emaciated by [y]plague
(CT)And a bitter epidemic;
(CU)And the teeth of beasts I will send against them,
(CV)With the venom of crawling things of the dust.
25 (CW)Outside the sword will make them childless,
And inside, terror—
(CX)Both young man and virgin,
The nursing child with the man of gray hair.
26 I would have said, “(CY)I will wipe them out,
(CZ)I will remove the mention of [z]their name from humanity,”
27 Had I not feared the provocation by the enemy,
That their adversaries would misjudge,
That they would say, “(DA)Our hand is [aa]triumphant,
And the Lord has not performed all this.”’

28 (DB)For they are a nation [ab]destitute of counsel,
And there is no understanding in them.
29 (DC)If only they were wise and they understood this;
(DD)If only they would discern their [ac]future!
30 (DE)How could one chase a thousand,
And two put ten thousand to flight,
Unless their (DF)Rock had sold them,
And the Lord had given them up?
31 Indeed, their rock is not like our Rock;
(DG)Even our enemies [ad]themselves judge this.
32 For their vine is from the vine of Sodom,
And from the fields of Gomorrah;
Their grapes are grapes of (DH)poison,
Their clusters, bitter.
33 Their wine is the venom of [ae]serpents,
And the [af]deadly poison of vipers.

34 (DI)Is it not stored up with Me,
Sealed up in My treasuries?
35 (DJ)Vengeance is Mine, and retribution;
(DK)In due time their foot will slip.
(DL)For the day of their disaster is near,
And the impending things are hurrying to them.’
36 (DM)For the Lord will vindicate His people,
(DN)And will have compassion on His servants,
When He sees that their [ag]strength is gone,
And there is none remaining, bond or free.
37 And He will say, ‘(DO)Where are their gods,
The rock in which they took refuge?
38 (DP)Those who ate the fat of their sacrifices,
And drank the wine of their drink offering?
(DQ)Let them rise up and help you,
Let them be your protection!
39 (DR)See now that I, I am He,
(DS)And there is no god besides Me;
(DT)It is I who put to death and give life.
(DU)I have wounded and it is I who heal,
(DV)And there is no one who can save anyone from My hand.
40 Indeed, (DW)I raise My hand to heaven,
And say, as I live forever,
41 (DX)If I have sharpened [ah]My flashing sword,
And My hand has taken hold of justice,
(DY)I will return vengeance on My adversaries,
And I will repay those who hate Me.
42 (DZ)I will make My arrows drunk with blood,
(EA)And My sword will devour flesh,
With the blood of the slain and the captives,
From the long-haired [ai]leaders of the enemy.’
43 (EB)Rejoice, you nations, with His people;
(EC)For He will avenge the blood of His servants,
(ED)And will return vengeance on His adversaries,
(EE)And will atone for His land and His people.”

44 Then Moses came and spoke all the words of this song in the hearing of the people, he, with [aj](EF)Joshua the son of Nun. 45 When Moses had finished speaking all these words to all Israel, 46 he said to them, “(EG)Take to your heart all the words with which I am warning you today, which you will command (EH)your sons to [ak]follow carefully, all the words of this Law. 47 For it is not a [al]trivial matter for you; indeed (EI)it is your life. And (EJ)by this word you will prolong your days in the land, [am]which you are about to cross the Jordan to [an]possess.”

48 Now (EK)the Lord spoke to Moses that very same day, saying, 49 (EL)Go up to this mountain of the Abarim, Mount Nebo, which is in the land of Moab [ao]opposite Jericho, and look at the land of Canaan, which I am giving to the sons of Israel as a possession. 50 Then you are to die on the mountain where you ascend, and be (EM)gathered to your people, as Aaron your brother died on Mount Hor and was gathered to his people, 51 (EN)because you broke faith with Me in the midst of the sons of Israel at the waters of Meribah-kadesh, in the (EO)wilderness of Zin, because you did not treat Me as holy in the midst of the sons of Israel. 52 (EP)For you will see the land at a distance but (EQ)you will not go there, into the land which I am giving the sons of Israel.”

The Blessing by Moses

33 Now this is the blessing with which Moses (ER)the man of God blessed the sons of Israel before his death. He said,

(ES)The Lord came from Sinai,
(ET)And [ap]dawned on them from Seir;
(EU)He shone from Mount Paran,
And He came from (EV)the midst of myriads of [aq]holy ones;
(EW)At His right hand there was [ar]flashing lightning for them.
(EX)Indeed, He loves [as]the people;
(EY)All [at]Your holy ones are in Your hand,
(EZ)And they [au]followed in Your steps;
Everyone takes of Your words.
(FA)Moses issued to us the Law,
(FB)A possession for the assembly of Jacob.
(FC)And He was king in [av]Jeshurun,
When the heads of the people gathered,
The tribes of Israel together.

(FD)May Reuben live and not die,
Nor may his people be few.”

(FE)And this was regarding Judah; so he said:

“Hear, Lord, the voice of Judah,
And bring him to his people.
With his hands he contended for [aw]them,
And may You be a help against his adversaries.”

Of Levi he said,

Let Your (FF)Thummim and Your Urim belong to Your (FG)godly man,
(FH)Whom You tested at Massah,
With [ax]whom You contended at the waters of Meribah;
(FI)Who said of his father and his mother,
‘I did not consider them’;
And he did not acknowledge his brothers,
Nor did he regard his own sons,
For (FJ)they kept Your word,
And complied with Your covenant.
10 (FK)They will teach Your ordinances to Jacob,
And Your Law to Israel.
(FL)They shall put [ay]incense before You,
And (FM)whole burnt offerings on Your altar.
11 Lord, bless his strength,
And accept the work of his hands;
Smash the [az]hips of those who rise up against him,
And those who hate him, so that they do not rise again.”

12 Of Benjamin he said,

(FN)May the beloved of the Lord live in security beside Him
(FO)Who shields him all the day long,
(FP)And he lives between His shoulders.”

13 Of Joseph he said,

(FQ)Blessed of the Lord be his land,
With the choice things of heaven, with the dew,
And from the deep waters lying beneath,
14 And with the choice yield of the sun,
And the choice produce of the months;
15 And with the [ba]best things of (FR)the ancient mountains,
With the choice things of the everlasting hills,
16 And with the choice things of the earth and its fullness,
And the favor (FS)of Him who dwelt in the bush.
Let it come to the head of Joseph,
And to the top of the head of the one who was prince among his brothers.
17 As the firstborn of his ox, majesty is his,
And his horns are the horns of (FT)the wild ox;
With them he will (FU)gore the peoples
All [bb]at once, to the ends of the earth.
And those are the ten thousands of Ephraim,
And those are the thousands of Manasseh.”

18 (FV)Of Zebulun he said,

“Rejoice, Zebulun, in your going out,
And, Issachar, in your tents.
19 (FW)They will call peoples to the mountain;
There they will offer (FX)righteous sacrifices;
For they will [bc]draw out (FY)the abundance of the seas,
And the hidden treasures of the sand.”

20 (FZ)Of Gad he said,

“Blessed is the one who enlarges Gad;
He lies down (GA)as a [bd]lion,
And tears the arm, also the crown of the head.
21 (GB)Then he [be]selected the choicest part for himself,
(GC)For there the ruler’s portion was [bf]reserved;
(GD)And he came with the leaders of the people;
(GE)He executed the justice of the Lord,
And His ordinances with Israel.”

22 (GF)Of Dan he said,

“Dan is (GG)a lion’s cub;
He leaps out from Bashan.”

23 Of Naphtali he said,

(GH)Naphtali, satisfied with favor,
And full of the blessing of the Lord,
Take possession of the sea and the south.”

24 (GI)Of Asher he said,

“More blessed than sons is Asher;
May he be favored by his brothers,
(GJ)And may he dip his foot in olive oil.
25 (GK)Your [bg]bars will be iron and bronze,
(GL)And as your days, so will your strength be.

26 (GM)There is no one like the God of [bh]Jeshurun,
(GN)Who rides the heavens [bi]to your help,
And the clouds in His majesty.
27 (GO)The eternal God is a [bj]hiding place,
(GP)And underneath are the everlasting arms;
(GQ)And He drove out the enemy from you,
(GR)And said, ‘Destroy!’
28 (GS)So Israel lives in security,
(GT)The fountain of Jacob secluded,
(GU)In a land of grain and new wine;
(GV)His heavens also drip down dew.
29 (GW)Blessed are you, Israel;
(GX)Who is like you, a people saved by the Lord,
(GY)The shield of your help,
(GZ)And He who is the sword of your majesty!
(HA)So your enemies will cringe before you,
(HB)And you will trample on their high places.”

The Death of Moses

34 (HC)Now Moses went up from the plains of Moab to Mount Nebo, to the top of Pisgah, which is opposite Jericho. And the Lord (HD)showed him all the land, Gilead as far as Dan, and all Naphtali and the land of Ephraim and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah as far as the [bk](HE)western sea, and the [bl]Negev and the territory in the Valley of Jericho, (HF)the city of palm trees, as far as Zoar. Then the Lord said to him, “This is the land which (HG)I swore to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, saying, ‘I will give it to your [bm]descendants’; I have let you see it with your eyes, but you will not go over there.” So Moses (HH)the servant of the Lord (HI)died there in the land of Moab, in accordance with the [bn]word of the Lord. And He buried him in the valley in the land of Moab, (HJ)opposite Beth-peor; but (HK)no one knows his burial place to this day. Although Moses was (HL)120 years old when he died, (HM)his eyesight was not dim, nor had his vigor left him. So the sons of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab for thirty days; then the days of weeping and mourning for Moses came to an end.

Now Joshua the son of Nun was (HN)filled with the spirit of wisdom, because Moses had laid his hands on him; and the sons of Israel listened to him and did as the Lord had commanded Moses. 10 Since that time (HO)no prophet has risen in Israel like Moses, whom (HP)the Lord knew face to face, 11 for all the signs and wonders which the Lord sent him to perform in the land of Egypt against Pharaoh, all his servants, and all his land— 12 and for all the mighty [bo]power and all the great terror which Moses performed in the sight of all Israel.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 31:2 I.e., as Israel’s leader
  2. Deuteronomy 31:11 Lit in their ears
  3. Deuteronomy 31:12 Lit gates
  4. Deuteronomy 31:12 Lit perform
  5. Deuteronomy 31:13 Lit where
  6. Deuteronomy 31:13 Lit possess it
  7. Deuteronomy 31:14 Lit your days to die are
  8. Deuteronomy 31:16 I.e., die
  9. Deuteronomy 31:19 Lit in their mouths
  10. Deuteronomy 31:20 Lit fat
  11. Deuteronomy 31:21 Lit seed
  12. Deuteronomy 31:21 Lit making
  13. Deuteronomy 31:26 Lit be
  14. Deuteronomy 31:27 Lit stiff neck
  15. Deuteronomy 32:4 Or judgment
  16. Deuteronomy 32:5 Lit It has
  17. Deuteronomy 32:8 Or Adam
  18. Deuteronomy 32:8 As in MT; DSS sons of God; LXX angels of God
  19. Deuteronomy 32:10 Lit pupil
  20. Deuteronomy 32:13 I.e., olive oil
  21. Deuteronomy 32:15 I.e., Israel
  22. Deuteronomy 32:15 Lit declared void
  23. Deuteronomy 32:21 Lit nonexistent things
  24. Deuteronomy 32:22 I.e., the netherworld
  25. Deuteronomy 32:24 Lit burning heat
  26. Deuteronomy 32:26 Lit them
  27. Deuteronomy 32:27 Lit high
  28. Deuteronomy 32:28 Lit perishing of
  29. Deuteronomy 32:29 Or latter end
  30. Deuteronomy 32:31 Lit are judges
  31. Deuteronomy 32:33 Lit dragons
  32. Deuteronomy 32:33 Lit cruel
  33. Deuteronomy 32:36 Lit hand
  34. Deuteronomy 32:41 Lit the lightning of My sword
  35. Deuteronomy 32:42 Lit head
  36. Deuteronomy 32:44 Lit Hoshea
  37. Deuteronomy 32:46 Lit be careful to perform
  38. Deuteronomy 32:47 Lit empty word
  39. Deuteronomy 32:47 Lit where
  40. Deuteronomy 32:47 Lit possess it
  41. Deuteronomy 32:49 Lit which is opposite
  42. Deuteronomy 33:2 Lit rose to
  43. Deuteronomy 33:2 Lit holiness
  44. Deuteronomy 33:2 Or a fiery law
  45. Deuteronomy 33:3 Lit peoples
  46. Deuteronomy 33:3 Lit His
  47. Deuteronomy 33:3 Or lie down at Your feet
  48. Deuteronomy 33:5 A symbolic name for Israel
  49. Deuteronomy 33:7 Lit him
  50. Deuteronomy 33:8 Lit him
  51. Deuteronomy 33:10 Lit smoke in Your nostrils
  52. Deuteronomy 33:11 Lit loins
  53. Deuteronomy 33:15 Or chief
  54. Deuteronomy 33:17 Or together
  55. Deuteronomy 33:19 Lit suck
  56. Deuteronomy 33:20 Or lioness
  57. Deuteronomy 33:21 Lit saw
  58. Deuteronomy 33:21 Lit covered
  59. Deuteronomy 33:25 I.e., to secure gates
  60. Deuteronomy 33:26 I.e., Israel
  61. Deuteronomy 33:26 Lit in
  62. Deuteronomy 33:27 Or refuge
  63. Deuteronomy 34:2 I.e., Mediterranean Sea
  64. Deuteronomy 34:3 I.e., South country
  65. Deuteronomy 34:4 Lit seed
  66. Deuteronomy 34:5 Lit mouth
  67. Deuteronomy 34:12 Lit hand

31 And Moses went and spake these words unto all Israel.

And he said unto them, I am an hundred and twenty years old this day; I can no more go out and come in: also the Lord hath said unto me, Thou shalt not go over this Jordan.

The Lord thy God, he will go over before thee, and he will destroy these nations from before thee, and thou shalt possess them: and Joshua, he shall go over before thee, as the Lord hath said.

And the Lord shall do unto them as he did to Sihon and to Og, kings of the Amorites, and unto the land of them, whom he destroyed.

And the Lord shall give them up before your face, that ye may do unto them according unto all the commandments which I have commanded you.

Be strong and of a good courage, fear not, nor be afraid of them: for the Lord thy God, he it is that doth go with thee; he will not fail thee, nor forsake thee.

And Moses called unto Joshua, and said unto him in the sight of all Israel, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou must go with this people unto the land which the Lord hath sworn unto their fathers to give them; and thou shalt cause them to inherit it.

And the Lord, he it is that doth go before thee; he will be with thee, he will not fail thee, neither forsake thee: fear not, neither be dismayed.

And Moses wrote this law, and delivered it unto the priests the sons of Levi, which bare the ark of the covenant of the Lord, and unto all the elders of Israel.

10 And Moses commanded them, saying, At the end of every seven years, in the solemnity of the year of release, in the feast of tabernacles,

11 When all Israel is come to appear before the Lord thy God in the place which he shall choose, thou shalt read this law before all Israel in their hearing.

12 Gather the people together, men and women, and children, and thy stranger that is within thy gates, that they may hear, and that they may learn, and fear the Lord your God, and observe to do all the words of this law:

13 And that their children, which have not known any thing, may hear, and learn to fear the Lord your God, as long as ye live in the land whither ye go over Jordan to possess it.

14 And the Lord said unto Moses, Behold, thy days approach that thou must die: call Joshua, and present yourselves in the tabernacle of the congregation, that I may give him a charge. And Moses and Joshua went, and presented themselves in the tabernacle of the congregation.

15 And the Lord appeared in the tabernacle in a pillar of a cloud: and the pillar of the cloud stood over the door of the tabernacle.

16 And the Lord said unto Moses, Behold, thou shalt sleep with thy fathers; and this people will rise up, and go a whoring after the gods of the strangers of the land, whither they go to be among them, and will forsake me, and break my covenant which I have made with them.

17 Then my anger shall be kindled against them in that day, and I will forsake them, and I will hide my face from them, and they shall be devoured, and many evils and troubles shall befall them; so that they will say in that day, Are not these evils come upon us, because our God is not among us?

18 And I will surely hide my face in that day for all the evils which they shall have wrought, in that they are turned unto other gods.

19 Now therefore write ye this song for you, and teach it the children of Israel: put it in their mouths, that this song may be a witness for me against the children of Israel.

20 For when I shall have brought them into the land which I sware unto their fathers, that floweth with milk and honey; and they shall have eaten and filled themselves, and waxen fat; then will they turn unto other gods, and serve them, and provoke me, and break my covenant.

21 And it shall come to pass, when many evils and troubles are befallen them, that this song shall testify against them as a witness; for it shall not be forgotten out of the mouths of their seed: for I know their imagination which they go about, even now, before I have brought them into the land which I sware.

22 Moses therefore wrote this song the same day, and taught it the children of Israel.

23 And he gave Joshua the son of Nun a charge, and said, Be strong and of a good courage: for thou shalt bring the children of Israel into the land which I sware unto them: and I will be with thee.

24 And it came to pass, when Moses had made an end of writing the words of this law in a book, until they were finished,

25 That Moses commanded the Levites, which bare the ark of the covenant of the Lord, saying,

26 Take this book of the law, and put it in the side of the ark of the covenant of the Lord your God, that it may be there for a witness against thee.

27 For I know thy rebellion, and thy stiff neck: behold, while I am yet alive with you this day, ye have been rebellious against the Lord; and how much more after my death?

28 Gather unto me all the elders of your tribes, and your officers, that I may speak these words in their ears, and call heaven and earth to record against them.

29 For I know that after my death ye will utterly corrupt yourselves, and turn aside from the way which I have commanded you; and evil will befall you in the latter days; because ye will do evil in the sight of the Lord, to provoke him to anger through the work of your hands.

30 And Moses spake in the ears of all the congregation of Israel the words of this song, until they were ended.

32 Give ear, O ye heavens, and I will speak; and hear, O earth, the words of my mouth.

My doctrine shall drop as the rain, my speech shall distil as the dew, as the small rain upon the tender herb, and as the showers upon the grass:

Because I will publish the name of the Lord: ascribe ye greatness unto our God.

He is the Rock, his work is perfect: for all his ways are judgment: a God of truth and without iniquity, just and right is he.

They have corrupted themselves, their spot is not the spot of his children: they are a perverse and crooked generation.

Do ye thus requite the Lord, O foolish people and unwise? is not he thy father that hath bought thee? hath he not made thee, and established thee?

Remember the days of old, consider the years of many generations: ask thy father, and he will shew thee; thy elders, and they will tell thee.

When the Most High divided to the nations their inheritance, when he separated the sons of Adam, he set the bounds of the people according to the number of the children of Israel.

For the Lord's portion is his people; Jacob is the lot of his inheritance.

10 He found him in a desert land, and in the waste howling wilderness; he led him about, he instructed him, he kept him as the apple of his eye.

11 As an eagle stirreth up her nest, fluttereth over her young, spreadeth abroad her wings, taketh them, beareth them on her wings:

12 So the Lord alone did lead him, and there was no strange god with him.

13 He made him ride on the high places of the earth, that he might eat the increase of the fields; and he made him to suck honey out of the rock, and oil out of the flinty rock;

14 Butter of kine, and milk of sheep, with fat of lambs, and rams of the breed of Bashan, and goats, with the fat of kidneys of wheat; and thou didst drink the pure blood of the grape.

15 But Jeshurun waxed fat, and kicked: thou art waxen fat, thou art grown thick, thou art covered with fatness; then he forsook God which made him, and lightly esteemed the Rock of his salvation.

16 They provoked him to jealousy with strange gods, with abominations provoked they him to anger.

17 They sacrificed unto devils, not to God; to gods whom they knew not, to new gods that came newly up, whom your fathers feared not.

18 Of the Rock that begat thee thou art unmindful, and hast forgotten God that formed thee.

19 And when the Lord saw it, he abhorred them, because of the provoking of his sons, and of his daughters.

20 And he said, I will hide my face from them, I will see what their end shall be: for they are a very froward generation, children in whom is no faith.

21 They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God; they have provoked me to anger with their vanities: and I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation.

22 For a fire is kindled in mine anger, and shall burn unto the lowest hell, and shall consume the earth with her increase, and set on fire the foundations of the mountains.

23 I will heap mischiefs upon them; I will spend mine arrows upon them.

24 They shall be burnt with hunger, and devoured with burning heat, and with bitter destruction: I will also send the teeth of beasts upon them, with the poison of serpents of the dust.

25 The sword without, and terror within, shall destroy both the young man and the virgin, the suckling also with the man of gray hairs.

26 I said, I would scatter them into corners, I would make the remembrance of them to cease from among men:

27 Were it not that I feared the wrath of the enemy, lest their adversaries should behave themselves strangely, and lest they should say, Our hand is high, and the Lord hath not done all this.

28 For they are a nation void of counsel, neither is there any understanding in them.

29 O that they were wise, that they understood this, that they would consider their latter end!

30 How should one chase a thousand, and two put ten thousand to flight, except their Rock had sold them, and the Lord had shut them up?

31 For their rock is not as our Rock, even our enemies themselves being judges.

32 For their vine is of the vine of Sodom, and of the fields of Gomorrah: their grapes are grapes of gall, their clusters are bitter:

33 Their wine is the poison of dragons, and the cruel venom of asps.

34 Is not this laid up in store with me, and sealed up among my treasures?

35 To me belongeth vengeance and recompence; their foot shall slide in due time: for the day of their calamity is at hand, and the things that shall come upon them make haste.

36 For the Lord shall judge his people, and repent himself for his servants, when he seeth that their power is gone, and there is none shut up, or left.

37 And he shall say, Where are their gods, their rock in whom they trusted,

38 Which did eat the fat of their sacrifices, and drank the wine of their drink offerings? let them rise up and help you, and be your protection.

39 See now that I, even I, am he, and there is no god with me: I kill, and I make alive; I wound, and I heal: neither is there any that can deliver out of my hand.

40 For I lift up my hand to heaven, and say, I live for ever.

41 If I whet my glittering sword, and mine hand take hold on judgment; I will render vengeance to mine enemies, and will reward them that hate me.

42 I will make mine arrows drunk with blood, and my sword shall devour flesh; and that with the blood of the slain and of the captives, from the beginning of revenges upon the enemy.

43 Rejoice, O ye nations, with his people: for he will avenge the blood of his servants, and will render vengeance to his adversaries, and will be merciful unto his land, and to his people.

44 And Moses came and spake all the words of this song in the ears of the people, he, and Hoshea the son of Nun.

45 And Moses made an end of speaking all these words to all Israel:

46 And he said unto them, Set your hearts unto all the words which I testify among you this day, which ye shall command your children to observe to do, all the words of this law.

47 For it is not a vain thing for you; because it is your life: and through this thing ye shall prolong your days in the land, whither ye go over Jordan to possess it.

48 And the Lord spake unto Moses that selfsame day, saying,

49 Get thee up into this mountain Abarim, unto mount Nebo, which is in the land of Moab, that is over against Jericho; and behold the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel for a possession:

50 And die in the mount whither thou goest up, and be gathered unto thy people; as Aaron thy brother died in mount Hor, and was gathered unto his people:

51 Because ye trespassed against me among the children of Israel at the waters of MeribahKadesh, in the wilderness of Zin; because ye sanctified me not in the midst of the children of Israel.

52 Yet thou shalt see the land before thee; but thou shalt not go thither unto the land which I give the children of Israel.

33 And this is the blessing, wherewith Moses the man of God blessed the children of Israel before his death.

And he said, The Lord came from Sinai, and rose up from Seir unto them; he shined forth from mount Paran, and he came with ten thousands of saints: from his right hand went a fiery law for them.

Yea, he loved the people; all his saints are in thy hand: and they sat down at thy feet; every one shall receive of thy words.

Moses commanded us a law, even the inheritance of the congregation of Jacob.

And he was king in Jeshurun, when the heads of the people and the tribes of Israel were gathered together.

Let Reuben live, and not die; and let not his men be few.

And this is the blessing of Judah: and he said, Hear, Lord, the voice of Judah, and bring him unto his people: let his hands be sufficient for him; and be thou an help to him from his enemies.

And of Levi he said, Let thy Thummim and thy Urim be with thy holy one, whom thou didst prove at Massah, and with whom thou didst strive at the waters of Meribah;

Who said unto his father and to his mother, I have not seen him; neither did he acknowledge his brethren, nor knew his own children: for they have observed thy word, and kept thy covenant.

10 They shall teach Jacob thy judgments, and Israel thy law: they shall put incense before thee, and whole burnt sacrifice upon thine altar.

11 Bless, Lord, his substance, and accept the work of his hands; smite through the loins of them that rise against him, and of them that hate him, that they rise not again.

12 And of Benjamin he said, The beloved of the Lord shall dwell in safety by him; and the Lord shall cover him all the day long, and he shall dwell between his shoulders.

13 And of Joseph he said, Blessed of the Lord be his land, for the precious things of heaven, for the dew, and for the deep that coucheth beneath,

14 And for the precious fruits brought forth by the sun, and for the precious things put forth by the moon,

15 And for the chief things of the ancient mountains, and for the precious things of the lasting hills,

16 And for the precious things of the earth and fulness thereof, and for the good will of him that dwelt in the bush: let the blessing come upon the head of Joseph, and upon the top of the head of him that was separated from his brethren.

17 His glory is like the firstling of his bullock, and his horns are like the horns of unicorns: with them he shall push the people together to the ends of the earth: and they are the ten thousands of Ephraim, and they are the thousands of Manasseh.

18 And of Zebulun he said, Rejoice, Zebulun, in thy going out; and, Issachar, in thy tents.

19 They shall call the people unto the mountain; there they shall offer sacrifices of righteousness: for they shall suck of the abundance of the seas, and of treasures hid in the sand.

20 And of Gad he said, Blessed be he that enlargeth Gad: he dwelleth as a lion, and teareth the arm with the crown of the head.

21 And he provided the first part for himself, because there, in a portion of the lawgiver, was he seated; and he came with the heads of the people, he executed the justice of the Lord, and his judgments with Israel.

22 And of Dan he said, Dan is a lion's whelp: he shall leap from Bashan.

23 And of Naphtali he said, O Naphtali, satisfied with favour, and full with the blessing of the Lord: possess thou the west and the south.

24 And of Asher he said, Let Asher be blessed with children; let him be acceptable to his brethren, and let him dip his foot in oil.

25 Thy shoes shall be iron and brass; and as thy days, so shall thy strength be.

26 There is none like unto the God of Jeshurun, who rideth upon the heaven in thy help, and in his excellency on the sky.

27 The eternal God is thy refuge, and underneath are the everlasting arms: and he shall thrust out the enemy from before thee; and shall say, Destroy them.

28 Israel then shall dwell in safety alone: the fountain of Jacob shall be upon a land of corn and wine; also his heavens shall drop down dew.

29 Happy art thou, O Israel: who is like unto thee, O people saved by the Lord, the shield of thy help, and who is the sword of thy excellency! and thine enemies shall be found liars unto thee; and thou shalt tread upon their high places.

34 And Moses went up from the plains of Moab unto the mountain of Nebo, to the top of Pisgah, that is over against Jericho. And the Lord shewed him all the land of Gilead, unto Dan,

And all Naphtali, and the land of Ephraim, and Manasseh, and all the land of Judah, unto the utmost sea,

And the south, and the plain of the valley of Jericho, the city of palm trees, unto Zoar.

And the Lord said unto him, This is the land which I sware unto Abraham, unto Isaac, and unto Jacob, saying, I will give it unto thy seed: I have caused thee to see it with thine eyes, but thou shalt not go over thither.

So Moses the servant of the Lord died there in the land of Moab, according to the word of the Lord.

And he buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, over against Bethpeor: but no man knoweth of his sepulchre unto this day.

And Moses was an hundred and twenty years old when he died: his eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated.

And the children of Israel wept for Moses in the plains of Moab thirty days: so the days of weeping and mourning for Moses were ended.

And Joshua the son of Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom; for Moses had laid his hands upon him: and the children of Israel hearkened unto him, and did as the Lord commanded Moses.

10 And there arose not a prophet since in Israel like unto Moses, whom the Lord knew face to face,

11 In all the signs and the wonders, which the Lord sent him to do in the land of Egypt to Pharaoh, and to all his servants, and to all his land,

12 And in all that mighty hand, and in all the great terror which Moses shewed in the sight of all Israel.

31 After Moses had said all these things to the people of Israel, he told them, “I am now 120 years old! I am no longer able to lead you,[a] for the Lord has told me that I shall not cross the Jordan River. But the Lord himself will lead you and will destroy the nations living there, and you shall overcome them. Joshua is your new commander, as the Lord has instructed. The Lord will destroy the nations living in the land, just as he destroyed Sihon and Og, the kings of the Amorites. The Lord will deliver over to you the people living there, and you shall destroy them as I have commanded you. Be strong! Be courageous! Do not be afraid of them! For the Lord your God will be with you. He will neither fail you nor forsake you.”

Then Moses called for Joshua and said to him, as all Israel watched, “Be strong! Be courageous! For you shall lead these people into the land promised by the Lord to their ancestors; see to it that they conquer it. Don’t be afraid, for the Lord will go before you and will be with you; he will not fail nor forsake you.”

Then Moses wrote out the laws he had already delivered to the people and gave them to the priests, the sons of Levi, who carried the Ark containing the Ten Commandments of the Lord. Moses also gave copies of the laws to the elders of Israel. 10-11 The Lord commanded that these laws be read to all the people at the end of every seventh year—the Year of Release—at the Festival of Tabernacles, when all Israel would assemble before the Lord at the sanctuary.

12 “Call them all together,” the Lord instructed, “—men, women, children, and foreigners living among you—to hear the laws of God and to learn his will, so that you will reverence the Lord your God and obey his laws. 13 Do this so that your little children who have not known these laws will hear them and learn how to revere the Lord your God as long as you live in the Promised Land.”

14 Then the Lord said to Moses, “The time has come when you must die. Summon Joshua and come into the Tabernacle where I can give him his instructions.” So Moses and Joshua came and stood before the Lord.

15 He appeared to them in a great cloud at the Tabernacle entrance, 16 and said to Moses, “You shall die and join your ancestors. After you are gone, these people will begin worshiping foreign gods in the Promised Land. They will forget about me and break the contract I have made with them. 17 Then my anger will flame out against them and I will abandon them, hiding my face from them, and they shall be destroyed. Terrible trouble will come upon them, so that they will say, ‘God is no longer among us!’ 18 I will turn away from them because of their sins in worshiping other gods.

19 “Now write down the words of this song, and teach it to the people of Israel as my warning to them. 20 When I have brought them into the land I promised their ancestors—a land ‘flowing with milk and honey’—and when they have become fat and prosperous, and worship other gods and despise me and break my contract, 21 and great disasters come upon them, then this song will remind them of the reason for their woes. (For this song will live from generation to generation.) I know now, even before they enter the land, what these people are like.”

22 So, on that very day, Moses wrote down the words of the song and taught it to the Israelites. 23 Then he charged Joshua (son of Nun) to be strong and courageous and said to him, “You must bring the people of Israel into the land the Lord promised them; for the Lord says, ‘I will be with you.’”

24 When Moses had finished writing down all the laws that are recorded in this book, 25 he instructed the Levites who carried the Ark containing the Ten Commandments 26 to put this book of the law beside the Ark, as a solemn warning to the people of Israel.

27 “For I know how rebellious and stubborn you are,” Moses told them. “If even today, while I am still here with you, you are defiant rebels against the Lord, how much more rebellious will you be after my death! 28 Now summon all the elders and officers of your tribes so that I can speak to them, and call heaven and earth to witness against them. 29 I know that after my death you will utterly defile yourselves and turn away from God and his commands; and in the days to come evil will crush you for you will do what the Lord says is evil, making him very angry.”

30 So Moses recited this entire song to the whole assembly of Israel:

32 “Listen, O heavens and earth!

Listen to what I say!

My words shall fall upon you

Like the gentle rain and dew,

Like rain upon the tender grass,

Like showers on the hillside.

I will proclaim the greatness of the Lord.

How glorious he is!

He is the Rock. His work is perfect.

Everything he does is just and fair.

He is faithful, without sin.

But Israel has become corrupt,

Smeared with sin. They are no longer his;

They are a stubborn, twisted generation.

Is this the way you treat Jehovah?

O foolish people,

Is not God your Father?

Has he not created you?

Has he not established you and made you strong?

Remember the days of long ago!

(Ask your father and the aged men;

They will tell you all about it.)

When God divided up the world among the nations,

He gave each of them a supervising angel!

But he appointed none for Israel;

For Israel was God’s own personal possession!

10 God protected them in the howling wilderness

As though they were the apple of his eye.

11 He spreads his wings over them,

Even as an eagle overspreads her young.

She carries them upon her wings—

As does the Lord his people!

12 When the Lord alone was leading them,

And they lived without foreign gods,

13 God gave them fertile hilltops,

Rolling, fertile fields,

Honey from the rock,

And olive oil from stony ground![b]

14 He gave them milk and meat—

Choice Bashan rams, and goats—

And the finest of the wheat;

They drank the sparkling wine.

15 But Israel[c] was soon overfed;

Yes, fat and bloated;

Then, in plenty, they forsook their God.

They shrugged away the Rock of their salvation.

16 Israel began to follow foreign gods,

And Jehovah was very angry;

He was jealous of his people.

17 They sacrificed to heathen gods,

To new gods never before worshiped.

18 They spurned the Rock who had made them,

Forgetting it was God who had given them birth.

19 God saw what they were doing,

And detested them!

His sons and daughters were insulting him.

20 He said, ‘I will abandon them;

See what happens to them then!

For they are a stubborn, faithless generation.

21 They have made me very jealous of their idols,

Which are not gods at all.

Now I, in turn, will make them jealous

By giving my affections

To the foolish Gentile nations of the world.

22 For my anger has kindled a fire

That burns to the depths of the underworld,

Consuming the earth and all of its crops,

And setting its mountains on fire.

23 I will heap evils upon them

And shoot them down with my arrows.

24 I will waste them with hunger,

Burning fever, and fatal disease.

I will devour them! I will set wild beasts upon them,

To rip them apart with their teeth;

And deadly serpents

Crawling in the dust.

25 Outside, the enemies’ sword—

Inside, the plague[d]

Shall terrorize young men and girls alike;

The baby nursing at the breast,

And aged men.

26 I had decided to scatter them to distant lands,

So that even the memory of them

Would disappear.

27 But then I thought,

“My enemies will boast,

‘Israel is destroyed by our own might;

It was not the Lord

Who did it!’”

28 Israel is a stupid nation;

Foolish, without understanding.

29 Oh, that they were wise!

Oh, that they could understand!

Oh, that they would know what they are getting into!

30 How could one single enemy chase a thousand of them,

And two put ten thousand to flight,

Unless their Rock had abandoned them,

Unless the Lord had destroyed them?

31 But the rock of other nations

Is not like our Rock;

Prayers to their gods are valueless.

32 They act like men of Sodom and Gomorrah:

Their deeds[e] are bitter with poison;

33 They drink the wine of serpent venom.

34 But Israel[f] is my special people,

Sealed as jewels within my treasury.

35 Vengeance is mine,

And I decree the punishment of all her enemies:

Their doom is sealed.

36 The Lord will see his people righted,

And will have compassion on them when they slip.

He will watch their power ebb away,

Both slave and free.

37 Then God will ask,

‘Where are their gods—

The rocks they claimed to be their refuge?

38 Where are these gods now,

To whom they sacrificed their fat and wine?

Let those gods arise,

And help them!

39 Don’t you see that I alone am God?

I kill and make live.

I wound and heal—

No one delivers from my power.

40-41 I raise my hand to heaven

And vow by my existence,

That I will whet the lightning of my sword!

And hurl my punishments upon my enemies!

42 My arrows shall be drunk with blood!

My sword devours the flesh and blood

Of all the slain and captives.

The heads of the enemy

Are gory with blood.’

43 Praise his people,

Gentile nations,

For he will avenge his people,

Taking vengeance on his enemies,

Purifying his land

And his people.”

44-45 When Moses and Joshua had recited all the words of this song to the people, 46 Moses made these comments:

“Meditate upon all the laws I have given you today, and pass them on to your children. 47 These laws are not mere words—they are your life! Through obeying them you will live long, plentiful lives in the land you are going to possess across the Jordan River.”

48 That same day, the Lord said to Moses, 49 “Go to Mount Nebo in the mountains of Abarim, in the land of Moab across from Jericho. Climb to its heights and look out across the land of Canaan, the land I am giving to the people of Israel. 50 After you see the land, you must die and join your ancestors, just as Aaron, your brother, died in Mount Hor and joined them. 51 For you dishonored me among the people of Israel at the springs of Meribah-kadesh, in the wilderness of Zin. 52 You will see spread out before you the land I am giving the people of Israel, but you will not enter it.”

33 This is the blessing Moses, the man of God, gave to the people of Israel before his death:

“The Lord came to us at Mount Sinai,

And dawned upon us from Mount Seir;

He shone from Mount Paran,

Surrounded by ten thousands of holy angels,[g]

And with flaming fire at his right hand.

How he loves his people—

His holy ones are in his hands.

They followed in your steps, O Lord.

They have received their directions from you.

The laws I have given

Are your precious possession.

The Lord became king in Jerusalem,

Elected by a convocation of the leaders of the tribes!

Let Reuben live forever

And may his tribe increase!”

And Moses said of Judah:

“O Lord, hear the cry of Judah

And unite him with Israel;

Fight for him against his enemies.”

Then Moses said concerning the tribe of Levi:

“Give to godly Levi

Your Urim and your Thummim.

You tested Levi at Massah and at Meribah;

He obeyed your instructions

and destroyed many sinners,[h]

Even his own children, brothers, fathers, and mothers.

10 The Levites shall teach God’s laws to Israel

And shall work before you at the incense altar

And the altar of burnt offering.

11 O Lord, prosper the Levites

And accept the work they do for you.

Crush those who are their enemies;

Don’t let them rise again.”

12 Concerning the tribe of Benjamin, Moses said:

“He is beloved of God

And lives in safety beside him.

God surrounds him with his loving care,

And preserves him from every harm.”

13 Concerning the tribe of Joseph, he said:

“May his land be blessed by God

With the choicest gifts of heaven

And of the earth that lies below.

14 May he be blessed

With the best of what the sun makes grow;

Growing richly month by month,

15 With the finest of mountain crops

And of the everlasting hills.

16 May he be blessed with the best gifts

Of the earth and its fullness,

And with the favor of God who appeared

In the burning bush.

Let all these blessings come upon Joseph,

The prince among his brothers.

17 He is a young bull in strength and splendor,

With the strong horns of a wild ox

To push against the nations everywhere;

This is my blessing on the multitudes of Ephraim

And the thousands of Manasseh.”

18 Of the tribe of Zebulun, Moses said:

“Rejoice, O Zebulun, you outdoorsmen,

And Issachar, you lovers of your tents;

19 They shall summon the people

To celebrate their sacrifices with them.

Lo, they taste the riches of the sea

And the treasures of the sand.”

20 Concerning the tribe of Gad, Moses said:

“A blessing upon those who help Gad.

He crouches like a lion,

With savage arm and face and head.

21 He chose the best of the land for himself

Because it is reserved for a leader.

He led the people

Because he carried out God’s penalties for Israel.”

22 Of the tribe of Dan, Moses said:

“Dan is like a lion’s cub

Leaping out from Bashan.”

23 Of the tribe of Naphtali, Moses said:

“O Naphtali, you are satisfied

With all the blessings of the Lord;

The Mediterranean coast and the Negeb

Are your home.”

24 Of the tribe of Asher:

“Asher is a favorite son,

Esteemed above his brothers;

He bathes his feet in oil.

25 May you be protected with strong bolts

Of iron and bronze,

And may your strength match the length of your days!

26 There is none like the God of Jerusalem—

He descends from the heavens

In majestic splendor to help you.

27 The eternal God is your refuge,

And underneath are the everlasting arms.

He thrusts out your enemies before you;

It is he who cries, ‘Destroy them!’

28 So Israel dwells safely,

Prospering in a land of corn and wine,

While the gentle rains descend from heaven.

29 What blessings are yours, O Israel!

Who else has been saved by the Lord?

He is your shield and your helper!

He is your excellent sword!

Your enemies shall bow low before you,

And you shall trample on their backs!”

34 Then Moses climbed from the plains of Moab to Pisgah Peak in Mount Nebo, across from Jericho. And the Lord pointed out to him the Promised Land, as they gazed out across Gilead as far as Dan:

“There is Naphtali; and there is Ephraim and Manasseh; and across there, Judah, extending to the Mediterranean Sea; there is the Negeb; and the Jordan Valley; and Jericho, the city of palm trees; and Zoar,” the Lord told him.

“It is the Promised Land,” the Lord told Moses. “I promised Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob that I would give it to their descendants. Now you have seen it, but you will not enter it.”

So Moses, the disciple of the Lord, died in the land of Moab as the Lord had said. The Lord buried him in a valley near Beth-peor in Moab, but no one knows the exact place.

Moses was 120 years old when he died, yet his eyesight was perfect and he was as strong as a young man. The people of Israel mourned for him for thirty days on the plains of Moab.

Joshua (son of Nun) was full of the spirit of wisdom, for Moses had laid his hands upon him; so the people of Israel obeyed him and followed the commandments the Lord had given to Moses.

10 There has never been another prophet like Moses, for the Lord talked to him face to face. 11-12 And at God’s command he performed amazing miracles that have never been equaled.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 31:2 I am no longer able to lead you, literally, “I am no longer able to go out and come in.”
  2. Deuteronomy 32:13 oil from stony ground, or “oil from flinty rocks.”
  3. Deuteronomy 32:15 Israel, literally, “Jeshurun.”
  4. Deuteronomy 32:25 the plague, implied.
  5. Deuteronomy 32:32 deeds, literally, “grapes.”
  6. Deuteronomy 32:34 Israel, implied.
  7. Deuteronomy 33:2 holy angels, literally, “holy ones.”
  8. Deuteronomy 33:9 and destroyed many sinners, implied.