And God spoke to Moses and said to him: “I am [a]the Lord. (A)I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as (B)God Almighty, but by My name (C)Lord[b] I was not known to them. (D)I have also [c]established My covenant with them, (E)to give them the land of Canaan, the land of their [d]pilgrimage, (F)in which they were [e]strangers. And (G)I have also heard the groaning of the children of Israel whom the Egyptians keep in bondage, and I have remembered My covenant. Therefore say to the children of Israel: (H)‘I am the Lord; (I)I will bring you out from under the burdens of the Egyptians, I will (J)rescue you from their bondage, and I will redeem you with [f]an outstretched arm and with great judgments. I will (K)take you as My people, and (L)I will be your God. Then you shall know that I am the Lord your God who brings you out (M)from under the burdens of the Egyptians. And I will bring you into the land which I (N)swore[g] to give to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; and I will give it to you as a heritage: I am the Lord.’ ” So Moses spoke thus to the children of Israel; (O)but they did not heed Moses, because of (P)anguish[h] of spirit and cruel bondage.

10 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, 11 “Go in, tell Pharaoh king of Egypt to let the children of Israel go out of his land.”

12 And Moses spoke before the Lord, saying, “The children of Israel have not heeded me. How then shall Pharaoh heed me, for (Q)I am [i]of uncircumcised lips?”

13 Then the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, and gave them a (R)command[j] for the children of Israel and for Pharaoh king of Egypt, to bring the children of Israel out of the land of Egypt.

The Family of Moses and Aaron(S)

14 These are the heads of their fathers’ houses: (T)The sons of Reuben, the firstborn of Israel, were Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi. These are the families of Reuben. 15 (U)And the sons of Simeon were [k]Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jachin, Zohar, and Shaul the son of a Canaanite woman. These are the families of Simeon. 16 These are the names of (V)the sons of Levi according to their generations: Gershon, Kohath, and Merari. And the years of the life of Levi were one hundred and thirty-seven. 17 (W)The sons of Gershon were Libni and Shimi according to their families. 18 And (X)the sons of Kohath were Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel. And the years of the life of Kohath were one hundred and thirty-three. 19 (Y)The sons of Merari were Mahli and Mushi. These are the families of Levi according to their generations.

20 Now (Z)Amram took for himself (AA)Jochebed, his father’s sister, as wife; and she bore him (AB)Aaron and Moses. And the years of the life of Amram were one hundred and thirty-seven. 21 (AC)The sons of Izhar were Korah, Nepheg, and Zichri. 22 And (AD)the sons of Uzziel were Mishael, Elzaphan, and Zithri. 23 Aaron took to himself Elisheba, daughter of (AE)Amminadab, sister of Nahshon, as wife; and she bore him (AF)Nadab, Abihu, (AG)Eleazar, and Ithamar. 24 And (AH)the sons of Korah were Assir, Elkanah, and Abiasaph. These are the families of the Korahites. 25 Eleazar, Aaron’s son, took for himself one of the daughters of Putiel as wife; and (AI)she bore him Phinehas. These are the heads of the fathers’ houses of the Levites according to their families.

26 These are the same Aaron and Moses to whom the Lord said, “Bring out the children of Israel from the land of Egypt according to their (AJ)armies.”[l] 27 These are the ones who spoke to Pharaoh king of Egypt, (AK)to bring out the children of Israel from Egypt. These are the same Moses and Aaron.

Aaron Is Moses’ Spokesman

28 And it came to pass, on the day the Lord spoke to Moses in the land of Egypt, 29 that the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “I am the Lord. (AL)Speak to Pharaoh king of Egypt all that I say to you.”

30 But Moses said before the Lord, “Behold, (AM)I am [m]of uncircumcised lips, and how shall Pharaoh heed me?”

Moses Before Pharaoh

So the Lord said to Moses: “See, I have made you (AN)as God to Pharaoh, and Aaron your brother shall be (AO)your prophet. You (AP)shall speak all that I command you. And Aaron your brother shall tell Pharaoh to send the children of Israel out of his land. And (AQ)I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and (AR)multiply My (AS)signs and My wonders in the land of Egypt. But (AT)Pharaoh will not heed you, so (AU)that I may lay My hand on Egypt and bring My [n]armies and My people, the children of Israel, out of the land of Egypt (AV)by great judgments. And the Egyptians (AW)shall know that I am the Lord, when I (AX)stretch out My hand on Egypt and (AY)bring out the children of Israel from among them.”

Then Moses and Aaron (AZ)did so; just as the Lord commanded them, so they did. And Moses was (BA)eighty years old and (BB)Aaron eighty-three years old when they spoke to Pharaoh.

Aaron’s Miraculous Rod(BC)

Then the Lord spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying, “When Pharaoh speaks to you, saying, (BD)‘Show a miracle for yourselves,’ then you shall say to Aaron, (BE)‘Take your rod and cast it before Pharaoh, and let it become a serpent.’ ” 10 So Moses and Aaron went in to Pharaoh, and they did so, just (BF)as the Lord commanded. And Aaron cast down his rod before Pharaoh and before his servants, and it (BG)became a serpent.

11 But Pharaoh also (BH)called the wise men and (BI)the [o]sorcerers; so the magicians of Egypt, they also (BJ)did in like manner with their [p]enchantments. 12 For every man threw down his rod, and they became serpents. But Aaron’s rod swallowed up their rods. 13 And Pharaoh’s heart grew hard, and he did not heed them, as the Lord had said.

The First Plague: Waters Become Blood

14 So the Lord said to Moses: (BK)“Pharaoh’s heart is hard; he refuses to let the people go. 15 Go to Pharaoh in the morning, when he goes out to the (BL)water, and you shall stand by the river’s bank to meet him; and (BM)the rod which was turned to a serpent you shall take in your hand. 16 And you shall say to him, (BN)‘The Lord God of the Hebrews has sent me to you, saying, “Let My people go, (BO)that they may [q]serve Me in the wilderness”; but indeed, until now you would not hear! 17 Thus says the Lord: “By this (BP)you shall know that I am the Lord. Behold, I will strike the waters which are in the river with the rod that is in my hand, and (BQ)they shall be turned (BR)to blood. 18 And the fish that are in the river shall die, the river shall stink, and the Egyptians will (BS)loathe[r] to drink the water of the river.” ’ ”

19 Then the Lord spoke to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Take your rod and (BT)stretch out your hand over the waters of Egypt, over their streams, over their rivers, over their ponds, and over all their pools of water, that they may become blood. And there shall be blood throughout all the land of Egypt, both in buckets of wood and pitchers of stone.’ ” 20 And Moses and Aaron did so, just as the Lord commanded. So he (BU)lifted up the rod and struck the waters that were in the river, in the sight of Pharaoh and in the sight of his servants. And all the (BV)waters that were in the river were turned to blood. 21 The fish that were in the river died, the river stank, and the Egyptians (BW)could not drink the water of the river. So there was blood throughout all the land of Egypt.

22 (BX)Then the magicians of Egypt did (BY)so with their [s]enchantments; and Pharaoh’s heart grew hard, and he did not heed them, (BZ)as the Lord had said. 23 And Pharaoh turned and went into his house. Neither was his heart moved by this. 24 So all the Egyptians dug all around the river for water to drink, because they could not drink the water of the river. 25 And seven days passed after the Lord had struck the river.

The Second Plague: Frogs

And the Lord spoke to Moses, “Go to Pharaoh and say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord: “Let My people go, (CA)that they may serve Me. But if you (CB)refuse to let them go, behold, I will smite all your territory with (CC)frogs. So the river shall bring forth frogs abundantly, which shall go up and come into your house, into your (CD)bedroom, on your bed, into the houses of your servants, on your people, into your ovens, and into your kneading bowls. And the frogs shall come up on you, on your people, and on all your servants.” ’ ”

Then the Lord spoke to Moses, “Say to Aaron, (CE)‘Stretch out your hand with your rod over the streams, over the rivers, and over the ponds, and cause frogs to come up on the land of Egypt.’ ” So Aaron stretched out his hand over the waters of Egypt, and (CF)the frogs came up and covered the land of Egypt. (CG)And the magicians did so with their [t]enchantments, and brought up frogs on the land of Egypt.

Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron, and said, (CH)“Entreat[u] the Lord that He may take away the frogs from me and from my people; and I will let the people (CI)go, that they may sacrifice to the Lord.”

And Moses said to Pharaoh, “Accept the honor of saying when I shall intercede for you, for your servants, and for your people, to destroy the frogs from you and your houses, that they may remain in the river only.”

10 So he said, “Tomorrow.” And he said, “Let it be according to your word, that you may know that (CJ)there is no one like the Lord our God. 11 And the frogs shall depart from you, from your houses, from your servants, and from your people. They shall remain in the river only.”

12 Then Moses and Aaron went out from Pharaoh. And Moses (CK)cried out to the Lord concerning the frogs which He had brought against Pharaoh. 13 So the Lord did according to the word of Moses. And the frogs died out of the houses, out of the courtyards, and out of the fields. 14 They gathered them together in heaps, and the land stank. 15 But when Pharaoh saw that there was (CL)relief, (CM)he hardened his heart and did not heed them, as the Lord had said.

The Third Plague: Lice

16 So the Lord said to Moses, “Say to Aaron, ‘Stretch out your rod, and strike the dust of the land, so that it may become [v]lice throughout all the land of Egypt.’ ” 17 And they did so. For Aaron stretched out his hand with his rod and struck the dust of the earth, and (CN)it became lice on man and beast. All the dust of the land became lice throughout all the land of Egypt.

18 Now (CO)the magicians so worked with their [w]enchantments to bring forth lice, but they (CP)could not. So there were lice on man and beast. 19 Then the magicians said to Pharaoh, “This is (CQ)the[x] finger of God.” But Pharaoh’s (CR)heart grew hard, and he did not heed them, just as the Lord had said.

The Fourth Plague: Flies

20 And the Lord said to Moses, (CS)“Rise early in the morning and stand before Pharaoh as he comes out to the water. Then say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord: (CT)“Let My people go, that they may serve Me. 21 Or else, if you will not let My people go, behold, I will send swarms of flies on you and your servants, on your people and into your houses. The houses of the Egyptians shall be full of swarms of flies, and also the ground on which they stand. 22 And in that day (CU)I will set apart the land of (CV)Goshen, in which My people dwell, that no swarms of flies shall be there, in order that you may (CW)know that I am the Lord in the midst of the (CX)land. 23 I will [y]make a difference between My people and your people. Tomorrow this (CY)sign shall be.” ’ ” 24 And the Lord did so. (CZ)Thick swarms of flies came into the house of Pharaoh, into his servants’ houses, and into all the land of Egypt. The land was corrupted because of the swarms of flies.

25 Then Pharaoh called for Moses and Aaron, and said, “Go, sacrifice to your God in the land.”

26 And Moses said, “It is not right to do so, for we would be sacrificing (DA)the abomination of the Egyptians to the Lord our God. If we sacrifice the abomination of the Egyptians before their eyes, then will they not [z]stone us? 27 We will go (DB)three days’ journey into the wilderness and sacrifice to the Lord our God as (DC)He will command us.”

28 So Pharaoh said, “I will let you go, that you may sacrifice to the Lord your God in the wilderness; only you shall not go very far away. (DD)Intercede for me.”

29 Then Moses said, “Indeed I am going out from you, and I will entreat the Lord, that the swarms of flies may depart tomorrow from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people. But let Pharaoh not (DE)deal deceitfully anymore in not letting the people go to sacrifice to the Lord.”

30 So Moses went out from Pharaoh and (DF)entreated the Lord. 31 And the Lord did according to the word of Moses; He removed the swarms of flies from Pharaoh, from his servants, and from his people. Not one remained. 32 But Pharaoh (DG)hardened his heart at this time also; neither would he let the people go.

The Fifth Plague: Livestock Diseased

Then the Lord said to Moses, (DH)“Go in to Pharaoh and tell him, ‘Thus says the Lord God of the Hebrews: “Let My people go, that they may (DI)serve Me. For if you (DJ)refuse to let them go, and still hold them, behold, the (DK)hand of the Lord will be on your cattle in the field, on the horses, on the donkeys, on the camels, on the oxen, and on the sheep—a very severe pestilence. And (DL)the Lord will make a difference between the livestock of Israel and the livestock of Egypt. So nothing shall die of all that belongs to the children of Israel.” ’ ” Then the Lord appointed a set time, saying, “Tomorrow the Lord will do this thing in the land.”

So the Lord did this thing on the next day, and (DM)all the livestock of Egypt died; but of the livestock of the children of Israel, not one died. Then Pharaoh sent, and indeed, not even one of the livestock of the Israelites was dead. But the (DN)heart of Pharaoh became hard, and he did not let the people go.

The Sixth Plague: Boils(DO)

So the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “Take for yourselves handfuls of ashes from a furnace, and let Moses scatter it toward the heavens in the sight of Pharaoh. And it will become fine dust in all the land of Egypt, and it will cause (DP)boils that break out in sores on man and beast throughout all the land of Egypt.” 10 Then they took ashes from the furnace and stood before Pharaoh, and Moses scattered them toward heaven. And they caused (DQ)boils that break out in sores on man and beast. 11 And the (DR)magicians could not stand before Moses because of the (DS)boils, for the boils were on the magicians and on all the Egyptians. 12 But the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh; and he (DT)did not heed them, just (DU)as the Lord had spoken to Moses.

The Seventh Plague: Hail

13 Then the Lord said to Moses, (DV)“Rise early in the morning and stand before Pharaoh, and say to him, ‘Thus says the Lord God of the Hebrews: “Let My people go, that they may (DW)serve Me, 14 for at this time I will send all My plagues to your very heart, and on your servants and on your people, (DX)that you may know that there is none like Me in all the earth. 15 Now if I had (DY)stretched out My hand and struck you and your people with (DZ)pestilence, then you would have been cut off from the earth. 16 But indeed for (EA)this purpose I have raised you up, that I may (EB)show My power in you, and that My (EC)name may be declared in all the earth. 17 As yet you exalt yourself against My people in that you will not let them go. 18 Behold, tomorrow about this time I will cause very heavy hail to rain down, such as has not been in Egypt since its founding until now. 19 Therefore send now and gather your livestock and all that you have in the field, for the hail shall come down on every man and every animal which is found in the field and is not brought home; and they shall die.” ’ ”

20 He who (ED)feared the word of the Lord among the (EE)servants of Pharaoh made his servants and his livestock flee to the houses. 21 But he who did not regard the word of the Lord left his servants and his livestock in the field.

22 Then the Lord said to Moses, “Stretch out your hand toward heaven, that there may be (EF)hail in all the land of Egypt—on man, on beast, and on every herb of the field, throughout the land of Egypt.” 23 And Moses stretched out his rod toward heaven; and (EG)the Lord sent thunder and hail, and fire darted to the ground. And the Lord rained hail on the land of Egypt. 24 So there was hail, and fire mingled with the hail, so very heavy that there was none like it in all the land of Egypt since it became a nation. 25 And the (EH)hail struck throughout the whole land of Egypt, all that was in the field, both man and beast; and the hail struck every herb of the field and broke every tree of the field. 26 (EI)Only in the land of Goshen, where the children of Israel were, there was no hail.

27 And Pharaoh sent and (EJ)called for Moses and Aaron, and said to them, (EK)“I have sinned this time. (EL)The Lord is righteous, and my people and I are wicked. 28 (EM)Entreat[aa] the Lord, that there may be no more [ab]mighty thundering and hail, for it is enough. I will let you (EN)go, and you shall stay no longer.”

29 So Moses said to him, “As soon as I have gone out of the city, I will (EO)spread out my hands to the Lord; the thunder will cease, and there will be no more hail, that you may know that the (EP)earth is the Lord’s. 30 But as for you and your servants, (EQ)I know that you will not yet fear the Lord God.”

31 Now the flax and the barley were struck, (ER)for the barley was in the head and the flax was in bud. 32 But the wheat and the spelt were not struck, for they are [ac]late crops.

33 So Moses went out of the city from Pharaoh and (ES)spread out his hands to the Lord; then the thunder and the hail ceased, and the rain was not poured on the earth. 34 And when Pharaoh saw that the rain, the hail, and the thunder had ceased, he sinned yet more; and he hardened his heart, he and his servants. 35 So (ET)the heart of Pharaoh was hard; neither would he let the children of Israel go, as the Lord had spoken by Moses.

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 6:2 Heb. YHWH
  2. Exodus 6:3 Heb. YHWH, traditionally Jehovah
  3. Exodus 6:4 made or ratified
  4. Exodus 6:4 sojournings
  5. Exodus 6:4 sojourners, temporary residents
  6. Exodus 6:6 Mighty power
  7. Exodus 6:8 promised, lit. lifted up My hand
  8. Exodus 6:9 Lit. shortness
  9. Exodus 6:12 One who does not speak well
  10. Exodus 6:13 charge
  11. Exodus 6:15 Nemuel, Num. 26:12
  12. Exodus 6:26 hosts
  13. Exodus 6:30 One who does not speak well
  14. Exodus 7:4 hosts
  15. Exodus 7:11 soothsayers
  16. Exodus 7:11 secret arts
  17. Exodus 7:16 worship
  18. Exodus 7:18 be weary of drinking
  19. Exodus 7:22 secret arts
  20. Exodus 8:7 secret arts
  21. Exodus 8:8 Pray to, Make supplication to
  22. Exodus 8:16 gnats
  23. Exodus 8:18 secret arts
  24. Exodus 8:19 An act of God
  25. Exodus 8:23 Lit. set a ransom, Ex. 9:4; 11:7
  26. Exodus 8:26 Put us to death by stoning
  27. Exodus 9:28 Pray to, Make supplication to
  28. Exodus 9:28 Lit. voices of God or sounds of God
  29. Exodus 9:32 Lit. darkened

Israel’s Future Blessing

25 ‘Thus says the Lord God: “When I have (A)gathered the house of Israel from the peoples among whom they are scattered, and am (B)hallowed in them in the sight of the Gentiles, then they will dwell in their own land which I gave to My servant Jacob. 26 And they will (C)dwell [a]safely there, (D)build houses, and (E)plant vineyards; yes, they will dwell securely, when I execute judgments on all those around them who despise them. Then they shall know that I am the Lord their God.” ’ ”

Proclamation Against Egypt

29 In the tenth year, in the tenth month, on the twelfth day of the month, the word of the Lord came to me, saying, “Son of man, (F)set your face against Pharaoh king of Egypt, and prophesy against him, and (G)against all Egypt. Speak, and say, ‘Thus says the Lord God:

(H)“Behold, I am against you,
O Pharaoh king of Egypt,
O great (I)monster who lies in the midst of his rivers,
(J)Who has said, ‘My [b]River is my own;
I have made it for myself.’
But (K)I will put hooks in your jaws,
And cause the fish of your rivers to stick to your scales;
I will bring you up out of the midst of your rivers,
And all the fish in your rivers will stick to your scales.
I will leave you in the wilderness,
You and all the fish of your rivers;
You shall fall on the [c]open (L)field;
(M)You shall not be picked up or [d]gathered.
(N)I have given you as food
To the beasts of the field
And to the birds of the heavens.

“Then all the inhabitants of Egypt
Shall know that I am the Lord,
Because they have been a (O)staff of reed to the house of Israel.
(P)When they took hold of you with the hand,
You broke and tore all their [e]shoulders;
When they leaned on you,
You broke and made all their backs quiver.”

‘Therefore thus says the Lord God: “Surely I will bring (Q)a sword upon you and cut off from you man and beast. And the land of Egypt shall become (R)desolate and waste; then they will know that I am the Lord, because he said, ‘The River is mine, and I have made it. 10 Indeed, therefore, I am against you and against your rivers, (S)and I will make the land of Egypt utterly waste and desolate, (T)from [f]Migdol to Syene, as far as the border of Ethiopia. 11 (U)Neither foot of man shall pass through it nor foot of beast pass through it, and it shall be uninhabited forty years. 12 (V)I will make the land of Egypt desolate in the midst of the countries that are desolate; and among the cities that are laid waste, her cities shall be desolate forty years; and I will (W)scatter the Egyptians among the nations and disperse them throughout the countries.”

13 ‘Yet, thus says the Lord God: “At the (X)end of forty years I will gather the Egyptians from the peoples among whom they were scattered. 14 I will bring back the captives of Egypt and cause them to return to the land of Pathros, to the land of their origin, and there they shall be a (Y)lowly kingdom. 15 It shall be the lowliest of kingdoms; it shall never again exalt itself above the nations, for I will diminish them so that they will not rule over the nations anymore. 16 No longer shall it be (Z)the confidence of the house of Israel, but will remind them of their iniquity when they turned to follow them. Then they shall know that I am the Lord God.” ’ ”

Babylonia Will Plunder Egypt

17 And it came to pass in the twenty-seventh year, in the first month, on the first day of the month, that the word of the Lord came to me, saying, 18 “Son of man, (AA)Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon caused his army to labor strenuously against Tyre; every head was made (AB)bald, and every shoulder rubbed raw; yet neither he nor his army received wages from Tyre, for the labor which they expended on it. 19 Therefore thus says the Lord God: ‘Surely I will give the land of Egypt to (AC)Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon; he shall take away her wealth, carry off her spoil, and remove her pillage; and that will be the wages for his army. 20 I have given him the land of Egypt for his labor, because they (AD)worked for Me,’ says the Lord God.

21 ‘In that day (AE)I will cause the [g]horn of the house of Israel to spring forth, and I will (AF)open your mouth to speak in their midst. Then they shall know that I am the Lord.’ ”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 28:26 securely
  2. Ezekiel 29:3 The Nile
  3. Ezekiel 29:5 Lit. face of the field
  4. Ezekiel 29:5 So with MT, LXX, Vg.; some Heb. mss., Tg. buried
  5. Ezekiel 29:7 So with MT, Vg.; LXX, Syr. hand
  6. Ezekiel 29:10 Or the tower
  7. Ezekiel 29:21 Strength

Israel’s Rejection and God’s Justice

14 What shall we say then? (A)Is there unrighteousness with God? Certainly not! 15 For He says to Moses, (B)“I will have mercy on whomever I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whomever I will have compassion.” 16 So then it is not of him who wills, nor of him who runs, but of God who shows mercy. 17 For (C)the Scripture says to the Pharaoh, (D)“For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I may show My power in you, and that My name may be declared in all the earth.” 18 Therefore He has mercy on whom He wills, and whom He wills He (E)hardens.

19 You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For (F)who has resisted His will?” 20 But indeed, O man, who are you to reply against God? (G)Will the thing formed say to him who formed it, “Why have you made me like this?” 21 Does not the (H)potter have power over the clay, from the same lump to make (I)one vessel for honor and another for dishonor?

22 What if God, wanting to show His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much longsuffering (J)the vessels of wrath (K)prepared for destruction, 23 and that He might make known (L)the riches of His glory on the vessels of mercy, which He had (M)prepared beforehand for glory, 24 even us whom He (N)called, (O)not of the Jews only, but also of the Gentiles?

25 As He says also in Hosea:

(P)“I will call them My people, who were not My people,
And her beloved, who was not beloved.”
26 “And(Q) it shall come to pass in the place where it was said to them,
‘You are not My people,’
There they shall be called sons of the living God.”

27 Isaiah also cries out concerning Israel:

(R)“Though the number of the children of Israel be as the sand of the sea,
(S)The remnant will be saved.
28 For [a]He will finish the work and cut it short in righteousness,
(T)Because the Lord will make a short work upon the earth.”

29 And as Isaiah said before:

(U)“Unless the Lord of [b]Sabaoth had left us a seed,
(V)We would have become like Sodom,
And we would have been made like Gomorrah.”

Present Condition of Israel

30 What shall we say then? (W)That Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, have attained to righteousness, (X)even the righteousness of faith; 31 but Israel, (Y)pursuing the law of righteousness, (Z)has not attained to the law [c]of righteousness. 32 Why? Because they did not seek it by faith, but as it were, [d]by the works of the law. For (AA)they stumbled at that stumbling stone. 33 As it is written:

(AB)“Behold, I lay in Zion a stumbling stone and rock of offense,
And (AC)whoever believes on Him will not be put to shame.”

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Footnotes

  1. Romans 9:28 NU the Lord will finish the work and cut it short upon the earth
  2. Romans 9:29 Lit., in Heb., Hosts
  3. Romans 9:31 NU omits of righteousness
  4. Romans 9:32 NU by works, omitting of the law

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