The Coming Exile

Israel, do not rejoice jubilantly as the nations do,(A)
for you have acted promiscuously,(B) leaving your God.
You have loved the wages of a prostitute
on every grain-threshing floor.(C)
Threshing floor and wine vat will not sustain them,(D)
and the new wine will fail them.
They will not stay in the land of the Lord.
Instead, Ephraim will return to Egypt,(E)
and they will eat unclean food(F) in Assyria.(G)

They will not pour out
their wine offerings to the Lord,(H)
and their sacrifices will not please Him.
Their food will be like the bread of mourners;
all who eat it become defiled.(I)
For their bread will be for their appetites alone;
it will not enter the house of the Lord.
What will you do on a festival day,(J)
on the day of the Lord’s feast?(K)
For even if they flee from devastation,
Egypt will gather them, and Memphis will bury them.(L)
Thistles will take possession of their precious silver;
thorns will invade their tents.(M)

The days of punishment have come;(N)
the days of retribution have come.(O)
Let Israel recognize it!
The prophet is a fool,(P)
and the inspired man is insane,(Q)
because of the magnitude
of your guilt and hostility.(R)
Ephraim’s watchman is with my God.
The prophet encounters a fowler’s snare
on all his ways.(S)
Hostility is in the house of his God!
They have deeply corrupted themselves(T)
as in the days of Gibeah.(U)
He will remember their guilt;
He will punish their sins.(V)

Ephraim Bereaved of Offspring

10 I discovered Israel
like grapes in the wilderness.(W)
I saw your fathers
like the first fruit of the fig tree in its first season.(X)
But they went to Baal-peor,(Y)
consecrated themselves to Shame,[a](Z)
and became detestable,(AA)
like the thing they loved.
11 Ephraim’s glory will fly away like a bird:(AB)
no birth, no gestation, no conception.(AC)
12 Even if they raise children,
I will bereave them of each one.
Yes, woe to them when I depart from them!(AD)
13 I have seen Ephraim like Tyre,(AE)
planted in a meadow,
so Ephraim will bring out his children
to the executioner.
14 Give them, Lord
What should You give?
Give them a womb that miscarries
and breasts that are dry!(AF)

15 All their evil appears at Gilgal,(AG)
for there I came to hate them.
I will drive them from My house
because of their evil, wicked actions.(AH)
I will no longer love them;
all their leaders are rebellious.(AI)
16 Ephraim(AJ) is struck down;
their roots are withered;
they cannot bear fruit.(AK)
Even if they bear children,
I will kill the precious offspring of their wombs.(AL)
17 My God will reject them
because they have not listened to Him;(AM)
they will become wanderers among the nations.(AN)

The Vine and the Calf

10 Israel is a lush[b] vine;(AO)
it yields fruit for itself.
The more his fruit increased,
the more he increased the altars.(AP)
The better his land produced,
the better they made the sacred pillars.(AQ)
Their hearts are devious;[c](AR)
now they must bear their guilt.(AS)
The Lord will break down their altars(AT)
and demolish their sacred pillars.
In fact, they are now saying,
“We have no king!
For we do not fear the Lord.(AU)
What can a king do for us?”
They speak mere words,
taking false oaths while making covenants.(AV)
So lawsuits break out
like poisonous weeds in the furrows of a field.(AW)

The residents of Samaria(AX) will have anxiety
over the calf(AY) of Beth-aven.(AZ)
Indeed, its idolatrous priests rejoiced over it;
the people will mourn over it,
over its glory.(BA)
It will certainly depart from them.
The calf itself will be taken to Assyria(BB)
as an offering to the great king.[d](BC)
Ephraim will experience shame;(BD)
Israel will be ashamed of its counsel.(BE)
Samaria’s king will disappear[e](BF)
like foam[f] on the surface of the water.
The high places(BG) of Aven, the sin of Israel,(BH)
will be destroyed;
thorns and thistles will grow over their altars.(BI)
They will say to the mountains,(BJ) “Cover us!”
and to the hills, “Fall on us!”(BK)

Israel’s Defeat because of Sin

Israel, you have sinned
since the days of Gibeah;(BL)
they have taken their stand there.
Will not war against the unjust
overtake them in Gibeah?
10 I will discipline(BM) them at My discretion;(BN)
nations will be gathered against them
to put them in bondage[g]
for their two crimes.(BO)

11 Ephraim is a well-trained calf(BP)
that loves to thresh,
but I will place a yoke on[h] her fine neck.(BQ)
I will harness Ephraim;(BR)
Judah will plow;
Jacob will do the final plowing.
12 Sow righteousness for yourselves(BS)
and reap faithful love;
break up your unplowed ground.(BT)
It is time to seek the Lord(BU)
until He comes(BV) and sends righteousness
on you like the rain.(BW)

13 You have plowed wickedness and reaped injustice;(BX)
you have eaten the fruit of lies.(BY)
Because you have trusted in your own way[i]
and in your large number of soldiers,(BZ)
14 the roar of battle will rise against your people,
and all your fortifications will be demolished(CA)
in a day of war,
like Shalman’s destruction of Beth-arbel.
Mothers will be dashed to pieces
along with their children.(CB)
15 So it will be done to you, Bethel,(CC)
because of your extreme evil.
At dawn the king of Israel will be totally destroyed.

The Lord’s Love for Israel

11 When Israel was a child, I loved him,(CD)
and out of Egypt I called My son.(CE)
The more they[j] called them,[k](CF)
the more they[l] departed from Me.[m]
They kept sacrificing to the Baals(CG)
and burning offerings to idols.(CH)
It was I who taught Ephraim to walk,(CI)
taking them[n] in My arms,(CJ)
but they never knew that I healed them.(CK)
I led them with human cords,
with ropes of love.(CL)
To them I was like one
who eases the yoke from their jaws;(CM)
I bent down to give them food.(CN)
Israel will not return to the land of Egypt
and Assyria will be his king,(CO)
because they refused to repent.(CP)
A sword will whirl through his cities;(CQ)
it will destroy and devour the bars of his gates,[o](CR)
because of their schemes.(CS)
My people are bent on turning from Me.(CT)
Though they call to Him on high,
He will not exalt them at all.

How can I give you up, Ephraim?(CU)
How can I surrender you, Israel?
How can I make you like Admah?(CV)
How can I treat you like Zeboiim?(CW)
I have had a change of heart;
My compassion is stirred!
I will not vent the full fury of My anger;(CX)
I will not turn back to destroy Ephraim.(CY)
For I am God and not man,
the Holy One among you;(CZ)
I will not come in rage.[p]
10 They will follow the Lord;(DA)
He will roar like a lion.(DB)
When He roars,
His children will come trembling from the west.(DC)
11 They will be roused like birds from Egypt
and like doves(DD) from the land of Assyria.(DE)
Then I will settle them in their homes.(DF)
This is the Lord’s declaration.

12 [q] Ephraim surrounds me with lies,(DG)
the house of Israel, with deceit.
Judah still wanders with God
and is faithful to the holy ones.[r][s]

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 9:10 = Baal
  2. Hosea 10:1 Or ravaged
  3. Hosea 10:2 Or divided
  4. Hosea 10:6 Or to King Yareb
  5. Hosea 10:7 Or will be cut off
  6. Hosea 10:7 Or a stick
  7. Hosea 10:10 LXX, Syr, Vg read against them when they are disciplined
  8. Hosea 10:11 Lit will pass over
  9. Hosea 10:13 LXX reads your chariots
  10. Hosea 11:2 Perhaps the prophets
  11. Hosea 11:2 = Israel
  12. Hosea 11:2 = Israel
  13. Hosea 11:2 LXX; MT reads them
  14. Hosea 11:3 LXX, Syr, Vg; MT reads him
  15. Hosea 11:6 Or devour his empty talkers, or devour his limbs; Hb obscure
  16. Hosea 11:9 Or come into any city; Hb obscure
  17. Hosea 11:12 Hs 12:1 in Hb
  18. Hosea 11:12 Or to the Holy One; Hb obscure
  19. Hosea 11:12 Possibly angels, or less likely, pagan gods or idols

Punishment for Israel

Do not rejoice, Israel;
    do not be jubilant(A) like the other nations.
For you have been unfaithful(B) to your God;
    you love the wages of a prostitute(C)
    at every threshing floor.
Threshing floors and winepresses will not feed the people;
    the new wine(D) will fail them.
They will not remain(E) in the Lord’s land;
    Ephraim will return to Egypt(F)
    and eat unclean food in Assyria.(G)
They will not pour out wine offerings(H) to the Lord,
    nor will their sacrifices please(I) him.
Such sacrifices will be to them like the bread of mourners;(J)
    all who eat them will be unclean.(K)
This food will be for themselves;
    it will not come into the temple of the Lord.(L)

What will you do(M) on the day of your appointed festivals,(N)
    on the feast days of the Lord?
Even if they escape from destruction,
    Egypt will gather them,(O)
    and Memphis(P) will bury them.(Q)
Their treasures of silver(R) will be taken over by briers,
    and thorns(S) will overrun their tents.
The days of punishment(T) are coming,
    the days of reckoning(U) are at hand.
    Let Israel know this.
Because your sins(V) are so many
    and your hostility so great,
the prophet is considered a fool,(W)
    the inspired person a maniac.(X)
The prophet, along with my God,
    is the watchman over Ephraim,[a]
yet snares(Y) await him on all his paths,
    and hostility in the house of his God.(Z)
They have sunk deep into corruption,(AA)
    as in the days of Gibeah.(AB)
God will remember(AC) their wickedness
    and punish them for their sins.(AD)

10 “When I found Israel,
    it was like finding grapes in the desert;
when I saw your ancestors,
    it was like seeing the early fruit(AE) on the fig(AF) tree.
But when they came to Baal Peor,(AG)
    they consecrated themselves to that shameful idol(AH)
    and became as vile as the thing they loved.
11 Ephraim’s glory(AI) will fly away like a bird(AJ)
    no birth, no pregnancy, no conception.(AK)
12 Even if they rear children,
    I will bereave(AL) them of every one.
Woe(AM) to them
    when I turn away from them!(AN)
13 I have seen Ephraim,(AO) like Tyre,
    planted in a pleasant place.(AP)
But Ephraim will bring out
    their children to the slayer.”(AQ)

14 Give them, Lord
    what will you give them?
Give them wombs that miscarry
    and breasts that are dry.(AR)

15 “Because of all their wickedness in Gilgal,(AS)
    I hated them there.
Because of their sinful deeds,(AT)
    I will drive them out of my house.
I will no longer love them;(AU)
    all their leaders are rebellious.(AV)
16 Ephraim(AW) is blighted,
    their root is withered,
    they yield no fruit.(AX)
Even if they bear children,
    I will slay(AY) their cherished offspring.”

17 My God will reject(AZ) them
    because they have not obeyed(BA) him;
    they will be wanderers among the nations.(BB)

10 Israel was a spreading vine;(BC)
    he brought forth fruit for himself.
As his fruit increased,
    he built more altars;(BD)
as his land prospered,(BE)
    he adorned his sacred stones.(BF)
Their heart is deceitful,(BG)
    and now they must bear their guilt.(BH)
The Lord will demolish their altars(BI)
    and destroy their sacred stones.(BJ)

Then they will say, “We have no king
    because we did not revere the Lord.
But even if we had a king,
    what could he do for us?”
They make many promises,
    take false oaths(BK)
    and make agreements;(BL)
therefore lawsuits spring up
    like poisonous weeds(BM) in a plowed field.
The people who live in Samaria fear
    for the calf-idol(BN) of Beth Aven.[b](BO)
Its people will mourn over it,
    and so will its idolatrous priests,(BP)
those who had rejoiced over its splendor,
    because it is taken from them into exile.(BQ)
It will be carried to Assyria(BR)
    as tribute(BS) for the great king.(BT)
Ephraim will be disgraced;(BU)
    Israel will be ashamed(BV) of its foreign alliances.
Samaria’s king will be destroyed,(BW)
    swept away like a twig on the surface of the waters.
The high places(BX) of wickedness[c](BY) will be destroyed—
    it is the sin of Israel.
Thorns(BZ) and thistles will grow up
    and cover their altars.(CA)
Then they will say to the mountains, “Cover us!”(CB)
    and to the hills, “Fall on us!”(CC)

“Since the days of Gibeah,(CD) you have sinned,(CE) Israel,
    and there you have remained.[d]
Will not war again overtake
    the evildoers in Gibeah?
10 When I please, I will punish(CF) them;
    nations will be gathered against them
    to put them in bonds for their double sin.
11 Ephraim is a trained heifer
    that loves to thresh;
so I will put a yoke(CG)
    on her fair neck.
I will drive Ephraim,
    Judah must plow,
    and Jacob must break up the ground.
12 Sow(CH) righteousness(CI) for yourselves,
    reap the fruit of unfailing love,
and break up your unplowed ground;(CJ)
    for it is time to seek(CK) the Lord,
until he comes
    and showers his righteousness(CL) on you.
13 But you have planted wickedness,
    you have reaped evil,(CM)
    you have eaten the fruit of deception.(CN)
Because you have depended on your own strength
    and on your many warriors,(CO)
14 the roar of battle will rise against your people,
    so that all your fortresses will be devastated(CP)
as Shalman(CQ) devastated Beth Arbel on the day of battle,
    when mothers were dashed to the ground with their children.(CR)
15 So will it happen to you, Bethel,
    because your wickedness is great.
When that day dawns,
    the king of Israel will be completely destroyed.(CS)

God’s Love for Israel

11 “When Israel was a child,(CT) I loved(CU) him,
    and out of Egypt I called my son.(CV)
But the more they were called,
    the more they went away from me.[e](CW)
They sacrificed to the Baals(CX)
    and they burned incense to images.(CY)
It was I who taught Ephraim to walk,
    taking them by the arms;(CZ)
but they did not realize
    it was I who healed(DA) them.
I led them with cords of human kindness,
    with ties of love.(DB)
To them I was like one who lifts
    a little child to the cheek,
    and I bent down to feed(DC) them.(DD)

“Will they not return to Egypt(DE)
    and will not Assyria(DF) rule over them
    because they refuse to repent?(DG)
A sword(DH) will flash in their cities;
    it will devour(DI) their false prophets
    and put an end to their plans.
My people are determined to turn(DJ) from me.(DK)
    Even though they call me God Most High,
    I will by no means exalt them.

“How can I give you up,(DL) Ephraim?(DM)
    How can I hand you over, Israel?
How can I treat you like Admah?
    How can I make you like Zeboyim?(DN)
My heart is changed within me;
    all my compassion(DO) is aroused.(DP)
I will not carry out my fierce anger,(DQ)
    nor will I devastate(DR) Ephraim again.
For I am God, and not a man(DS)
    the Holy One(DT) among you.
    I will not come against their cities.
10 They will follow the Lord;
    he will roar(DU) like a lion.(DV)
When he roars,
    his children will come trembling(DW) from the west.(DX)
11 They will come from Egypt,
    trembling like sparrows,
    from Assyria,(DY) fluttering like doves.(DZ)
I will settle them in their homes,”(EA)
    declares the Lord.

Israel’s Sin

12 Ephraim has surrounded me with lies,(EB)
    Israel with deceit.
And Judah is unruly against God,
    even against the faithful(EC) Holy One.[f](ED)

Footnotes

  1. Hosea 9:8 Or The prophet is the watchman over Ephraim, / the people of my God
  2. Hosea 10:5 Beth Aven means house of wickedness (a derogatory name for Bethel, which means house of God).
  3. Hosea 10:8 Hebrew aven, a reference to Beth Aven (a derogatory name for Bethel); see verse 5.
  4. Hosea 10:9 Or there a stand was taken
  5. Hosea 11:2 Septuagint; Hebrew them
  6. Hosea 11:12 In Hebrew texts this verse (11:12) is numbered 12:1.