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Job defends his anger

Job responded:

Oh, that my grief were actually weighed,
    all of it were lifted up in scales;
    for now it’s heavier than the sands of the sea;
        therefore, my words are rash.[a]
The Almighty’s arrows are in me;
    my spirit drinks their poison,
    and God’s terrors are arrayed against me.
Does a donkey bray over grass
    or an ox bellow over its fodder?
Is tasteless food eaten without salt,
    or does egg white[b] have taste?
I refuse to touch them;
    they resemble food for the sick.

He wishes to die

Oh, that what I’ve requested would come
        and God grant my hope;
    that God be willing to crush me,
    release his hand and cut me off.
10 I’d still take comfort,
    relieved[c] even though in persistent pain;
        for I’ve not denied the words of the holy one.
11 What is my strength, that I should hope;
    my end, that my life should drag on?
12 Is my strength that of rocks,
    my flesh bronze?
13 I don’t have a helper for myself;
    success has been taken from me.

He accuses his friends

14 Are friends loyal to the one who despairs,[d]
    or do they stop fearing the Almighty?
15 My companions are treacherous like a stream in the desert,
    like channels that overrun their streambeds,
16     like those darkened by thawing ice,
        in which snow is obscured
17     but that stop flowing in dry times
        and vanish from their channels in heat.
18 Caravans turn aside from their paths;
    they go up into untamed areas and perish.
19 Caravans from Tema look;
    merchants from Sheba hope for it.
20 They are ashamed that they trusted;
    they arrive and are dismayed.
21 That’s what you are like;[e]
    you see something awful and are afraid.

He appeals to his friends

22 Have I said, “Give me something?
    Offer a bribe from your wealth for me?
23     Rescue me from the hand of my enemy?
    Ransom me from the grip of the ruthless?”
24 Instruct me and I’ll be quiet;
    inform me how I’ve erred.
25 How painful are truthful words,
    but what do your condemnations accomplish?
26 Do you intend to correct my words,
    to treat the words of a hopeless man as wind?
27 Would you even gamble over an orphan,
    barter away your friend?
28 Now look at me—
    would I lie to your face?
29 Turn! Don’t be faithless.
    Turn now! I am righteous.
30 Is there wrong on my tongue,
    or can my mouth not recognize disaster?

The human condition

Isn’t slavery everyone’s condition on earth,
    our days like those of a hired worker?
        Like a slave we pant for a shadow,
            await our task like a hired worker.
So I have inherited months of emptiness;
    nights of toil have been measured out for me.
If I lie down and think—When will I get up?—
    night drags on,[f] and restless thoughts fill me until dawn.
My flesh is covered with worms and crusted earth;
    my skin hardens and oozes.
My days are swifter than a weaver’s shuttle;
    they reach their end without hope.[g]
Remember that my life is wind;
    my eyes won’t see pleasure again.
The eye that sees me now will no longer look on me;
    your eyes will be on me, and I won’t exist.
A cloud breaks apart and moves on—
    like the one who descends to the grave[h] and won’t rise,
10         won’t return home again,
        won’t be recognized in town anymore.

Job wants to be left alone

11 But I won’t keep quiet;
    I will speak in the adversity of my spirit,
    groan in the bitterness of my life.
12 Am I Sea[i] or the Sea Monster[j]
    that you place me under guard?
13 If I say, “My couch will comfort me,”
    my bed will diminish my murmuring.
14 You scare me with dreams,
    frighten me with visions.
15 I would choose strangling
    and death instead of my bones.
16 I reject life;[k] I don’t want to live long;
    leave me alone, for my days are empty.

A parody of Psalm 8

17 What are human beings, that you exalt them,
    that you take note of them,
18     visit them each morning,
    test them every moment?
19 Why not look away from me;
    let me alone until I swallow my spit?
20 If I sinned, what did I do to you,
    guardian of people?
Why have you made me your target
    so that I’m a burden to myself?
21 Why not forgive my sin,
    overlook my iniquity?
Then I would lie down in the dust;
    you would search hard for me,
    and I would not exist.

Bildad defends God

Bildad from Shuah responded:

How long will you mouth such things
    such that your utterances become a strong wind?
Does God pervert justice,
    or does the Almighty distort what is right?
If your children sinned against him,
    then he delivered them into the power of their rebellion.
If you will search eagerly for God,
    plead with the Almighty.
If you are pure and do the right thing,
    then surely he will become active on your behalf
    and reward your innocent dwelling.
Although your former state was ordinary,
    your future will be extraordinary.

Tradition

Ask a previous generation
        and verify the findings of your ancestors,
    for we are only recently here and don’t know
        because our days on earth are a shadow.
10 Won’t they instruct you and tell you;
    will words not[l] proceed from their hearts?

Examples from nature

11 Does papyrus grow apart from a marsh?
    Does a reed flourish without water?
12         While still tender, uncut,
        it will wither before every other grass.
13 So are the paths of all who forget God.
    Hope perishes for the godless,
14     whose confidence is a fragile thing,[m]
        their trust, a spider’s web.
15 He leans on its web, and it doesn’t stand;
    grasps it, and it can’t remain in place.
16 It’s like a well-watered plant in the sun;
    its runners spread over its gardens.
17 Its roots are entwined over a pile of rocks,
    for it sees a home among stones.
18 If it’s uprooted from its place,
    it lies, saying, “I can’t see you.”
19 Surely its way is a joy,
    for from the dust other plants[n] sprout.

God’s faithfulness

20 Surely God won’t reject integrity,
    won’t strengthen the hand of the wicked.
21 He will still fill your mouth with joy,
    your lips with a victorious shout.
22 Those who hate you will be clothed with shame,
    and the tent of the wicked will vanish.

Hymnic praise

Job responded:

I know for certain that this is so;
    and how can anyone be innocent before God?
If one wants to contend with him,
    he won’t answer one in a thousand.
He is wise[o] and powerful;
    who can resist him and prosper?
Who removes mountains, and they are unaware;
    who overthrows them in anger?
Who shakes the earth from its place,
    and its pillars shudder?
Who commands the sun, and it does not rise,
    even seals up the stars;
    stretched out the heavens alone
    and trod on the waves of the Sea;[p]
    made the Bear and Orion, Pleiades
    and the southern constellations;
10     does great and unsearchable things,
    wonders beyond number?

A mismatch

11 If God goes by me, I can’t see him;
    he glides past, and I can’t perceive him.
12 If he seizes, who can bring back?
    Who can say to him, “What are you doing?”
13 God won’t retract his anger;
    the helpers of Rahab bow beneath him.
14 Yet I myself will answer him;
    I’ll choose my words in a contest[q] with him.
15 Even if I’m innocent, I can’t answer;
    I must plead for justice.
16 If I were to call and he answered me,
    I couldn’t believe that he heard my voice.
17 Who bruises me with a tempest
    and multiplies my wounds for no reason?
18 He doesn’t let me catch my breath,
    for he fills me with bitterness.
19 If the issue is strength—behold power!
    If justice—who calls God to meet me?

There is no justice

20 If I’m innocent, my mouth condemns me;
    I have integrity; but God declares me perverse.
21 I’m blameless, yet don’t know myself;
    I reject my life.
22 It’s all the same;
    therefore, I say God destroys the blameless and the sinners.
23 If calamity suddenly kills,
    he mocks at the slaying[r] of innocents.
24 The earth is handed over to the wicked;
    he covers the faces of its judges.
    If not God, then who does?

Job wants an arbitrator

25 My days are swifter than a runner;
    they flee and don’t experience good.
26 They sweep by like ships made of reeds,
    as an eagle swoops on prey.
27 If I say, “I’ll forget my lament,
    put on a different face so I can smile,”
28     I’m still afraid of all my suffering;
        I know that you won’t declare me innocent.
29 I myself am thought guilty;
    why have I tried so hard in vain?
30 If I wash myself with snow,
        purify my hands with soap,
31     then you’ll hurl me into a slimy pit
        so that my clothes detest me.
32 God is not a man like me—someone I could answer—
    so that we could come together in court.
33 Oh, that[s] there were a mediator between us;
    he would lay his hand on both of us,
34     remove his rod from me,
        so his fury wouldn’t frighten me.
35 Then I would speak—unafraid—
    for I’m not that way.

Footnotes

  1. Job 6:3 Heb uncertain
  2. Job 6:6 Heb uncertain
  3. Job 6:10 Heb uncertain
  4. Job 6:14 Heb uncertain
  5. Job 6:21 Heb uncertain
  6. Job 7:4 Heb uncertain
  7. Job 7:6 Or thread
  8. Job 7:9 Heb Sheol
  9. Job 7:12 Heb Yam, a sea god
  10. Job 7:12 Heb Tannin, a sea dragon
  11. Job 7:16 Heb lacks life.
  12. Job 8:10 Heb lacks not.
  13. Job 8:14 Heb uncertain
  14. Job 8:19 Heb lacks plants.
  15. Job 9:4 Or wise in heart; cf 37:24
  16. Job 9:8 Heb Yam, a sea god
  17. Job 9:14 Heb lacks in a contest.
  18. Job 9:23 Heb uncertain
  19. Job 9:33 Or There is no

Job

Then Job replied:

“If only my anguish could be weighed
    and all my misery be placed on the scales!(A)
It would surely outweigh the sand(B) of the seas—
    no wonder my words have been impetuous.(C)
The arrows(D) of the Almighty(E) are in me,(F)
    my spirit drinks(G) in their poison;(H)
    God’s terrors(I) are marshaled against me.(J)
Does a wild donkey(K) bray(L) when it has grass,
    or an ox bellow when it has fodder?(M)
Is tasteless food eaten without salt,
    or is there flavor in the sap of the mallow[a]?(N)
I refuse to touch it;
    such food makes me ill.(O)

“Oh, that I might have my request,
    that God would grant what I hope for,(P)
that God would be willing to crush(Q) me,
    to let loose his hand and cut off my life!(R)
10 Then I would still have this consolation(S)
    my joy in unrelenting pain(T)
    that I had not denied the words(U) of the Holy One.(V)

11 “What strength do I have, that I should still hope?
    What prospects, that I should be patient?(W)
12 Do I have the strength of stone?
    Is my flesh bronze?(X)
13 Do I have any power to help myself,(Y)
    now that success has been driven from me?

14 “Anyone who withholds kindness from a friend(Z)
    forsakes the fear of the Almighty.(AA)
15 But my brothers are as undependable as intermittent streams,(AB)
    as the streams that overflow
16 when darkened by thawing ice
    and swollen with melting snow,(AC)
17 but that stop flowing in the dry season,
    and in the heat(AD) vanish from their channels.
18 Caravans turn aside from their routes;
    they go off into the wasteland and perish.
19 The caravans of Tema(AE) look for water,
    the traveling merchants of Sheba(AF) look in hope.
20 They are distressed, because they had been confident;
    they arrive there, only to be disappointed.(AG)
21 Now you too have proved to be of no help;
    you see something dreadful and are afraid.(AH)
22 Have I ever said, ‘Give something on my behalf,
    pay a ransom(AI) for me from your wealth,(AJ)
23 deliver me from the hand of the enemy,
    rescue me from the clutches of the ruthless’?(AK)

24 “Teach me, and I will be quiet;(AL)
    show me where I have been wrong.(AM)
25 How painful are honest words!(AN)
    But what do your arguments prove?
26 Do you mean to correct what I say,
    and treat my desperate words as wind?(AO)
27 You would even cast lots(AP) for the fatherless(AQ)
    and barter away your friend.

28 “But now be so kind as to look at me.
    Would I lie to your face?(AR)
29 Relent, do not be unjust;(AS)
    reconsider, for my integrity(AT) is at stake.[b](AU)
30 Is there any wickedness on my lips?(AV)
    Can my mouth not discern(AW) malice?

“Do not mortals have hard service(AX) on earth?(AY)
    Are not their days like those of hired laborers?(AZ)
Like a slave longing for the evening shadows,(BA)
    or a hired laborer waiting to be paid,(BB)
so I have been allotted months of futility,
    and nights of misery have been assigned to me.(BC)
When I lie down I think, ‘How long before I get up?’(BD)
    The night drags on, and I toss and turn until dawn.(BE)
My body is clothed with worms(BF) and scabs,
    my skin is broken and festering.(BG)

“My days are swifter than a weaver’s shuttle,(BH)
    and they come to an end without hope.(BI)
Remember, O God, that my life is but a breath;(BJ)
    my eyes will never see happiness again.(BK)
The eye that now sees me will see me no longer;
    you will look for me, but I will be no more.(BL)
As a cloud vanishes(BM) and is gone,
    so one who goes down to the grave(BN) does not return.(BO)
10 He will never come to his house again;
    his place(BP) will know him no more.(BQ)

11 “Therefore I will not keep silent;(BR)
    I will speak out in the anguish(BS) of my spirit,
    I will complain(BT) in the bitterness of my soul.(BU)
12 Am I the sea,(BV) or the monster of the deep,(BW)
    that you put me under guard?(BX)
13 When I think my bed will comfort me
    and my couch will ease my complaint,(BY)
14 even then you frighten me with dreams
    and terrify(BZ) me with visions,(CA)
15 so that I prefer strangling and death,(CB)
    rather than this body of mine.(CC)
16 I despise my life;(CD) I would not live forever.(CE)
    Let me alone;(CF) my days have no meaning.(CG)

17 “What is mankind that you make so much of them,
    that you give them so much attention,(CH)
18 that you examine them every morning(CI)
    and test them(CJ) every moment?(CK)
19 Will you never look away from me,(CL)
    or let me alone even for an instant?(CM)
20 If I have sinned, what have I done to you,(CN)
    you who see everything we do?
Why have you made me your target?(CO)
    Have I become a burden to you?[c](CP)
21 Why do you not pardon my offenses
    and forgive my sins?(CQ)
For I will soon lie down in the dust;(CR)
    you will search for me, but I will be no more.”(CS)

Bildad

Then Bildad the Shuhite(CT) replied:

“How long will you say such things?(CU)
    Your words are a blustering wind.(CV)
Does God pervert justice?(CW)
    Does the Almighty pervert what is right?(CX)
When your children sinned against him,
    he gave them over to the penalty of their sin.(CY)
But if you will seek God earnestly
    and plead(CZ) with the Almighty,(DA)
if you are pure and upright,
    even now he will rouse himself on your behalf(DB)
    and restore you to your prosperous state.(DC)
Your beginnings will seem humble,
    so prosperous(DD) will your future be.(DE)

“Ask the former generation(DF)
    and find out what their ancestors learned,
for we were born only yesterday and know nothing,(DG)
    and our days on earth are but a shadow.(DH)
10 Will they not instruct(DI) you and tell you?
    Will they not bring forth words from their understanding?(DJ)
11 Can papyrus grow tall where there is no marsh?(DK)
    Can reeds(DL) thrive without water?
12 While still growing and uncut,
    they wither more quickly than grass.(DM)
13 Such is the destiny(DN) of all who forget God;(DO)
    so perishes the hope of the godless.(DP)
14 What they trust in is fragile[d];
    what they rely on is a spider’s web.(DQ)
15 They lean on the web,(DR) but it gives way;
    they cling to it, but it does not hold.(DS)
16 They are like a well-watered plant in the sunshine,
    spreading its shoots(DT) over the garden;(DU)
17 it entwines its roots around a pile of rocks
    and looks for a place among the stones.
18 But when it is torn from its spot,
    that place disowns(DV) it and says, ‘I never saw you.’(DW)
19 Surely its life withers(DX) away,
    and[e] from the soil other plants grow.(DY)

20 “Surely God does not reject one who is blameless(DZ)
    or strengthen the hands of evildoers.(EA)
21 He will yet fill your mouth with laughter(EB)
    and your lips with shouts of joy.(EC)
22 Your enemies will be clothed in shame,(ED)
    and the tents(EE) of the wicked will be no more.”(EF)

Job

Then Job replied:

“Indeed, I know that this is true.
    But how can mere mortals prove their innocence before God?(EG)
Though they wished to dispute with him,(EH)
    they could not answer him one time out of a thousand.(EI)
His wisdom(EJ) is profound, his power is vast.(EK)
    Who has resisted(EL) him and come out unscathed?(EM)
He moves mountains(EN) without their knowing it
    and overturns them in his anger.(EO)
He shakes the earth(EP) from its place
    and makes its pillars tremble.(EQ)
He speaks to the sun and it does not shine;(ER)
    he seals off the light of the stars.(ES)
He alone stretches out the heavens(ET)
    and treads on the waves of the sea.(EU)
He is the Maker(EV) of the Bear[f] and Orion,
    the Pleiades and the constellations of the south.(EW)
10 He performs wonders(EX) that cannot be fathomed,
    miracles that cannot be counted.(EY)
11 When he passes me, I cannot see him;
    when he goes by, I cannot perceive him.(EZ)
12 If he snatches away, who can stop him?(FA)
    Who can say to him, ‘What are you doing?’(FB)
13 God does not restrain his anger;(FC)
    even the cohorts of Rahab(FD) cowered at his feet.

14 “How then can I dispute with him?
    How can I find words to argue with him?(FE)
15 Though I were innocent, I could not answer him;(FF)
    I could only plead(FG) with my Judge(FH) for mercy.(FI)
16 Even if I summoned him and he responded,
    I do not believe he would give me a hearing.(FJ)
17 He would crush me(FK) with a storm(FL)
    and multiply(FM) my wounds for no reason.(FN)
18 He would not let me catch my breath
    but would overwhelm me with misery.(FO)
19 If it is a matter of strength, he is mighty!(FP)
    And if it is a matter of justice, who can challenge him[g]?(FQ)
20 Even if I were innocent, my mouth would condemn me;
    if I were blameless, it would pronounce me guilty.(FR)

21 “Although I am blameless,(FS)
    I have no concern for myself;(FT)
    I despise my own life.(FU)
22 It is all the same; that is why I say,
    ‘He destroys both the blameless and the wicked.’(FV)
23 When a scourge(FW) brings sudden death,
    he mocks the despair of the innocent.(FX)
24 When a land falls into the hands of the wicked,(FY)
    he blindfolds its judges.(FZ)
    If it is not he, then who is it?(GA)

25 “My days are swifter than a runner;(GB)
    they fly away without a glimpse of joy.(GC)
26 They skim past(GD) like boats of papyrus,(GE)
    like eagles swooping down on their prey.(GF)
27 If I say, ‘I will forget my complaint,(GG)
    I will change my expression, and smile,’
28 I still dread(GH) all my sufferings,
    for I know you will not hold me innocent.(GI)
29 Since I am already found guilty,
    why should I struggle in vain?(GJ)
30 Even if I washed myself with soap(GK)
    and my hands(GL) with cleansing powder,(GM)
31 you would plunge me into a slime pit(GN)
    so that even my clothes would detest me.(GO)

32 “He is not a mere mortal(GP) like me that I might answer him,(GQ)
    that we might confront each other in court.(GR)
33 If only there were someone to mediate between us,(GS)
    someone to bring us together,(GT)
34 someone to remove God’s rod from me,(GU)
    so that his terror would frighten me no more.(GV)
35 Then I would speak up without fear of him,(GW)
    but as it now stands with me, I cannot.(GX)

Footnotes

  1. Job 6:6 The meaning of the Hebrew for this phrase is uncertain.
  2. Job 6:29 Or my righteousness still stands
  3. Job 7:20 A few manuscripts of the Masoretic Text, an ancient Hebrew scribal tradition and Septuagint; most manuscripts of the Masoretic Text I have become a burden to myself.
  4. Job 8:14 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  5. Job 8:19 Or Surely all the joy it has / is that
  6. Job 9:9 Or of Leo
  7. Job 9:19 See Septuagint; Hebrew me.