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22 Joshua called the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half-family group of Manasseh. He said to them, “You have done all that the Lord’s servant Moses told you to do. You have obeyed me in all I have told you to do. You have not left your brothers alone even to this day. But you have been careful to do what the Lord your God has told you. Now the Lord your God has given rest to your brothers, as He promised them. So go now. Return to your homes in your own land, which the Lord’s servant Moses gave you on the other side of the Jordan. Only be very careful to obey the Law which the Lord’s servant Moses told you. Love the Lord your God. Walk in all His ways. Obey His Laws. Stay close to Him, and work for Him with all your heart and soul.” Joshua prayed that good would come to them, and sent them away. Then they went to their homes.

Moses had given land in Bashan to the half-family group of Manasseh. But Joshua gave land west of the Jordan to the other half of the family among their brothers. Joshua prayed that good would come to them when he sent them away to their homes. He said to them, “Return to your homes with much riches, many animals, silver, gold, brass, iron, and very many clothes. Share with your brothers the riches taken from those who fought against you.” The sons of Reuben and Gad and the half-family group of Manasseh returned home. They left the people of Israel at Shiloh in the land of Canaan and went to their own land of Gilead. They had taken this land by the word of the Lord through Moses.

10 The sons of Reuben and Gad and the half-family group of Manasseh came to the Jordan River. Before they crossed the Jordan, they built a very large altar on the Canaan side of the Jordan. 11 The people of Israel heard the news, “See, the people of Reuben and Gad and the half-family group of Manasseh have built an altar in the land of Canaan by the Jordan. It stands on the side that belongs to the people of Israel.” 12 When the people of Israel heard about it, all the sons of Israel gathered at Shiloh to make war against them.

13 Then the sons of Israel sent Phinehas the son of the religious leader Eleazar into the land of Gilead to the people of Reuben and Gad and the half-family group of Manasseh. 14 With him were ten leaders, one leader from each ruling house in every family of Israel. Each one was the head of his father’s house among the families of Israel. 15 They came to the people of Reuben and Gad and the half-family group of Manasseh in the land of Gilead, and said to them, 16 “All the people of the Lord say, ‘What sin is this that you have done against the God of Israel? You have turned away from following the Lord this day, by building yourselves an altar. Today you have gone against the Lord. 17 Is not the sin of Peor enough for us? We have made ourselves unclean from that to this day, and much trouble has come upon the people of the Lord. 18 Now to add to that sin, this day you have turned away from following the Lord. If you go against the Lord today, He will be angry with all the people of Israel tomorrow. 19 Now if the land you have been given is unclean, cross over into the Lord’s land. There stands the meeting tent of the Lord. Take land for yourselves among us. But do not go against the Lord, or against us, by building an altar other than the altar of the Lord our God. 20 Did not Zerah’s son Achan sin by taking things that should have been destroyed? Anger came upon all the people of Israel. He did not die alone for his sin.’” 21 Then the people of Reuben and Gad and the half-family group of Manasseh answered the leaders of the families of Israel, saying, 22 “The Powerful One, the Lord, the Powerful One, God, the Lord! He knows! And may Israel itself know! If it was going against the Lord and not being faithful to Him, do not save us this day! 23 If we have built an altar to turn away from following the Lord, or to give burnt gifts, grain gifts or peace gifts on it, may the Lord Himself punish us. 24 We have done this because we were afraid that in time to come your children might say to our children, ‘What have you to do with the Lord, the God of Israel? 25 For the Lord has put the Jordan between us and you people of Reuben and Gad. You have nothing to do with the Lord.’ Then your children might make our children stop worshiping the Lord. 26 So we said, ‘Let us build an altar. It will not be for burnt gifts or killing animals in worship. 27 But it will be something special to be seen between us and you and our children after us. It will show that we are to serve the Lord before Him with our burnt gifts, our gifts of animals and our peace gifts. Then your children will not say to our children in the future, “You have nothing to do with the Lord.”’ 28 We thought that if they say this to us or our children in the future we can say, ‘See the altar we have made like the altar of the Lord which our fathers made. It is not for burnt gifts or killing animals in worship. But it is something special to see between us and you.’ 29 Never let it be said that we went against the Lord and turned away from following the Lord this day by building an altar. It is not for burnt gifts or grain gifts or killing animals in worship. It is not to be used instead of the altar of the Lord our God before His meeting tent.”

30 Phinehas the religious leader and the leaders of the people, the heads of the families of Israel who were with him, were pleased when they heard the words of the people of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh. 31 Phinehas the son of Eleazar the religious leader said to the people of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh, “Today we know that the Lord is among us. Because you have not done this as sin against the Lord. Now you have saved the people of Israel from the hand of the Lord.” 32 Then Phinehas the son of the religious leader Eleazar and the leaders left the people of Reuben and Gad. They returned from the land of Gilead to the people of Israel in the land of Canaan. And they told them what had happened. 33 The news pleased the people of Israel, and they gave thanks to God. They said no more about going against them in war, to destroy the land where the people of Reuben and Gad were living. 34 The people of Reuben and Gad said, “This altar shows the agreement between us that the Lord is God.”

23 A long time after that, the Lord had given Israel rest from all those around them who hated them. Joshua had grown old, and had lived many years. Joshua called all Israel, their leaders, their heads, and the men chosen among them who judge between what is right or wrong. Then he said to them, “I am old and have lived many years. And you have seen all the Lord your God has done to all these nations because of you. The Lord your God is the One Who has fought for you. See, I have given to you as land for your families those nations that are left, with all the nations I have destroyed. They lie from the Jordan to the Great Sea in the west. The Lord your God will send them out from in front of you. He will send them away from you. Then their land will be yours, just as the Lord your God promised you. So do not be moved by others. Keep and obey all that is written in the book of the Law of Moses. Do not turn from it to the right or to the left. Do not mix with these nations that stay among you. Do not say the names of their gods or make anyone swear by them. Do not work for them or worship them. But hold on to the Lord your God, as you have done to this day. For the Lord has driven away large and strong nations from in front of you. No man has been able to stand in front of you to this day. 10 One of your men makes a thousand run away. For the Lord your God is the One Who fights for you, just as He promised you. 11 Be very careful to love the Lord your God. 12 For if you ever turn away and join the people of these nations left among you and marry some of their people and go among them, 13 know for sure that the Lord your God will stop driving these nations away from you. And they will be a net and a trap to you. They will be a whip on your sides and thorns in your eyes, until you are destroyed from this good land the Lord your God has given you.

14 “See, today I am going the way of all the earth. Know in all your hearts and in all your souls that not one of all the good promises the Lord your God made to you has been broken. All have come true for you. Not one of them has been broken. 15 Every good promise the Lord your God made to you has come true. But in the same way, He will keep His promises to punish you. He will punish you until He has destroyed you from this good land the Lord your God has given you. 16 If you do not keep the agreement the Lord your God made with you, and serve other gods and worship them, then the anger of the Lord will burn against you and you will be destroyed from the good land He has given you.”

24 Then Joshua gathered all the families of Israel to Shechem. He called for the leaders of Israel, the heads of the families and those who judged between what is right or wrong. And they showed themselves before God. Joshua said to all the people, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘Long ago your fathers lived on the other side of the River. There was Terah, the father of Abraham and Nahor. And they worshiped other gods. Then I took your father Abraham from the other side of the River. I led him through all the land of Canaan. I gave him many children, and I gave him Isaac. To Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau. I gave Mount Seir to Esau for his own. But Jacob and his children went down to Egypt. I sent Moses and Aaron. I had to bring trouble upon Egypt by what I did among them. Then I brought you out. I brought your fathers out of Egypt to the Sea. Egypt went after your fathers to the Red Sea with war-wagons and horsemen. But when they cried out to the Lord, He put darkness between you and the Egyptians. He brought the sea upon them and covered them. Your own eyes saw what I did in Egypt. And you lived in the desert for a long time. I brought you into the land of the Amorites who lived on the east side of the Jordan. They fought with you, and I gave them to you. You took their land for your own when I destroyed them in front of you.

’Then Balak the son of Zippor, king of Moab, came and fought against Israel. He sent for Balaam the son of Beor to curse you. 10 But I would not listen to Balaam. So he had to pray for good to come to you. And I saved you from his hand.

11 ’You crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. The people of Jericho fought against you. And the Amorite, the Perizzite, the Canaanite, the Hittite, the Girgashite, the Hivite and the Jebusite fought against you. So I gave them into your hand. 12 I sent the hornets ahead of you. They drove out the people and the two kings of the Amorites from in front of you. You did not do it by your sword or bow. 13 I gave you a land you did not work for. You live in cities you did not build. You are eating from vines and olive trees you did not plant.’

14 “So fear the Lord. Serve Him in faith and truth. Put away the gods your fathers served on the other side of the river and in Egypt. Serve the Lord. 15 If you think it is wrong to serve the Lord, choose today whom you will serve. Choose the gods your fathers worshiped on the other side of the river, or choose the gods of the Amorites in whose land you are living. But as for me and my family, we will serve the Lord.”

16 The people answered, “May it never be that we turn away from the Lord and serve other gods. 17 For the Lord our God is the One Who brought us and our fathers out of the land of Egypt, from the house where we were made to work. He did these powerful works in front of our eyes. He kept us safe everywhere we went, among all the nations we passed through. 18 The Lord drove away from in front of us all the nations, even the Amorites who lived in the land. So we will serve the Lord. For He is our God.”

19 Then Joshua said to the people, “You will not be able to serve the Lord. For He is a holy God. He is a jealous God. He will not forgive your wrong-doing or your sins. 20 If you turn away from the Lord and serve strange gods, He will turn and punish you. He will destroy you after He has been good to you.” 21 The people said to Joshua, “Not so, for we will serve the Lord.” 22 Then Joshua said to the people, “You have spoken for yourselves that you have chosen to serve the Lord.” And they said, “We have spoken for ourselves.” 23 Joshua said, “So put away the strange gods that are among you. Give your hearts to the Lord, the God of Israel.” 24 The people said to Joshua, “We will serve the Lord our God. We will obey His voice.” 25 So Joshua made an agreement with the people that day. And he made Laws for them in Shechem. 26 Joshua wrote these words in the book of the Law of God. Then he took a large stone and set it up there under the tree that was by the holy place of the Lord. 27 Joshua said to all the people, “See, this stone will be here to speak against us. For it has heard all the words the Lord spoke to us. So it will be here to speak against you, if you do not stay true to your God.” 28 Then Joshua sent the people away, each to his own land.

The Death of Joshua and Eleazar

29 After this, Joshua the son of Nun, the Lord’s servant, died. He was 110 years old. 30 They buried him in the land he was given in Timnath-serah, in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 31 Israel served the Lord all the days of Joshua, and of the leaders who lived after him who had known all the works the Lord had done for Israel.

32 The people of Israel brought the bones of Joseph from Egypt. They buried them in Shechem, in the piece of ground Jacob had bought from the sons of Hamor the father of Shechem for 100 pieces of money. It became the land of Joseph’s children.

33 Eleazar the son of Aaron died also. They buried him on the hill at Gibeah that was given to his son Phinehas in the hill country of Ephraim.

Eastern Tribes Return Home

22 Then Joshua summoned the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh and said to them, “You have done all that Moses the servant of the Lord commanded,(A) and you have obeyed me in everything I commanded. For a long time now—to this very day—you have not deserted your fellow Israelites but have carried out the mission the Lord your God gave you. Now that the Lord your God has given them rest(B) as he promised, return to your homes(C) in the land that Moses the servant of the Lord gave you on the other side of the Jordan.(D) But be very careful to keep the commandment(E) and the law that Moses the servant of the Lord gave you: to love the Lord(F) your God, to walk in obedience to him, to keep his commands,(G) to hold fast to him and to serve him with all your heart and with all your soul.(H)

Then Joshua blessed(I) them and sent them away, and they went to their homes. (To the half-tribe of Manasseh Moses had given land in Bashan,(J) and to the other half of the tribe Joshua gave land on the west side(K) of the Jordan along with their fellow Israelites.) When Joshua sent them home, he blessed them,(L) saying, “Return to your homes with your great wealth—with large herds of livestock,(M) with silver, gold, bronze and iron,(N) and a great quantity of clothing—and divide(O) the plunder(P) from your enemies with your fellow Israelites.”

So the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh left the Israelites at Shiloh(Q) in Canaan to return to Gilead,(R) their own land, which they had acquired in accordance with the command of the Lord through Moses.

10 When they came to Geliloth(S) near the Jordan in the land of Canaan, the Reubenites, the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh built an imposing altar(T) there by the Jordan. 11 And when the Israelites heard that they had built the altar on the border of Canaan at Geliloth near the Jordan on the Israelite side, 12 the whole assembly of Israel gathered at Shiloh(U) to go to war against them.

13 So the Israelites sent Phinehas(V) son of Eleazar,(W) the priest, to the land of Gilead—to Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh. 14 With him they sent ten of the chief men, one from each of the tribes of Israel, each the head of a family division among the Israelite clans.(X)

15 When they went to Gilead—to Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh—they said to them: 16 “The whole assembly of the Lord says: ‘How could you break faith(Y) with the God of Israel like this? How could you turn away from the Lord and build yourselves an altar in rebellion(Z) against him now? 17 Was not the sin of Peor(AA) enough for us? Up to this very day we have not cleansed ourselves from that sin, even though a plague fell on the community of the Lord! 18 And are you now turning away from the Lord?

“‘If you rebel against the Lord today, tomorrow he will be angry with the whole community(AB) of Israel. 19 If the land you possess is defiled, come over to the Lord’s land, where the Lord’s tabernacle(AC) stands, and share the land with us. But do not rebel against the Lord or against us by building an altar(AD) for yourselves, other than the altar of the Lord our God. 20 When Achan son of Zerah was unfaithful in regard to the devoted things,[a](AE) did not wrath(AF) come on the whole community(AG) of Israel? He was not the only one who died for his sin.’”(AH)

21 Then Reuben, Gad and the half-tribe of Manasseh replied to the heads of the clans of Israel: 22 “The Mighty One, God, the Lord! The Mighty One, God,(AI) the Lord!(AJ) He knows!(AK) And let Israel know! If this has been in rebellion or disobedience to the Lord, do not spare us this day. 23 If we have built our own altar to turn away from the Lord and to offer burnt offerings and grain offerings,(AL) or to sacrifice fellowship offerings on it, may the Lord himself call us to account.(AM)

24 “No! We did it for fear that some day your descendants might say to ours, ‘What do you have to do with the Lord, the God of Israel? 25 The Lord has made the Jordan a boundary between us and you—you Reubenites and Gadites! You have no share in the Lord.’ So your descendants might cause ours to stop fearing the Lord.

26 “That is why we said, ‘Let us get ready and build an altar—but not for burnt offerings or sacrifices.’ 27 On the contrary, it is to be a witness(AN) between us and you and the generations that follow, that we will worship the Lord at his sanctuary with our burnt offerings, sacrifices and fellowship offerings.(AO) Then in the future your descendants will not be able to say to ours, ‘You have no share in the Lord.’

28 “And we said, ‘If they ever say this to us, or to our descendants, we will answer: Look at the replica of the Lord’s altar, which our ancestors built, not for burnt offerings and sacrifices, but as a witness(AP) between us and you.’

29 “Far be it from us to rebel(AQ) against the Lord and turn away from him today by building an altar for burnt offerings, grain offerings and sacrifices, other than the altar of the Lord our God that stands before his tabernacle.(AR)

30 When Phinehas the priest and the leaders of the community—the heads of the clans of the Israelites—heard what Reuben, Gad and Manasseh had to say, they were pleased. 31 And Phinehas son of Eleazar, the priest, said to Reuben, Gad and Manasseh, “Today we know that the Lord is with us,(AS) because you have not been unfaithful to the Lord in this matter. Now you have rescued the Israelites from the Lord’s hand.”

32 Then Phinehas son of Eleazar, the priest, and the leaders returned to Canaan from their meeting with the Reubenites and Gadites in Gilead and reported to the Israelites.(AT) 33 They were glad to hear the report and praised God.(AU) And they talked no more about going to war against them to devastate the country where the Reubenites and the Gadites lived.

34 And the Reubenites and the Gadites gave the altar this name: A Witness(AV) Between Us—that the Lord is God.

Joshua’s Farewell to the Leaders

23 After a long time had passed and the Lord had given Israel rest(AW) from all their enemies around them, Joshua, by then a very old man,(AX) summoned all Israel—their elders,(AY) leaders, judges and officials(AZ)—and said to them: “I am very old.(BA) You yourselves have seen everything the Lord your God has done to all these nations for your sake; it was the Lord your God who fought for you.(BB) Remember how I have allotted(BC) as an inheritance(BD) for your tribes all the land of the nations that remain—the nations I conquered—between the Jordan and the Mediterranean Sea(BE) in the west. The Lord your God himself will push them out(BF) for your sake. He will drive them out(BG) before you, and you will take possession of their land, as the Lord your God promised you.(BH)

“Be very strong; be careful to obey all that is written in the Book of the Law(BI) of Moses, without turning aside(BJ) to the right or to the left.(BK) Do not associate with these nations that remain among you; do not invoke the names of their gods or swear(BL) by them. You must not serve them or bow down(BM) to them. But you are to hold fast to the Lord(BN) your God, as you have until now.

“The Lord has driven out before you great and powerful nations;(BO) to this day no one has been able to withstand you.(BP) 10 One of you routs a thousand,(BQ) because the Lord your God fights for you,(BR) just as he promised. 11 So be very careful(BS) to love the Lord(BT) your God.

12 “But if you turn away and ally yourselves with the survivors of these nations that remain among you and if you intermarry with them(BU) and associate with them,(BV) 13 then you may be sure that the Lord your God will no longer drive out(BW) these nations before you. Instead, they will become snares(BX) and traps for you, whips on your backs and thorns in your eyes,(BY) until you perish from this good land,(BZ) which the Lord your God has given you.

14 “Now I am about to go the way of all the earth.(CA) You know with all your heart and soul that not one of all the good promises the Lord your God gave you has failed. Every promise(CB) has been fulfilled; not one has failed.(CC) 15 But just as all the good things(CD) the Lord your God has promised you have come to you, so he will bring on you all the evil things(CE) he has threatened, until the Lord your God has destroyed you(CF) from this good land he has given you.(CG) 16 If you violate the covenant of the Lord your God, which he commanded you, and go and serve other gods and bow down to them, the Lord’s anger will burn against you, and you will quickly perish from the good land he has given you.(CH)

The Covenant Renewed at Shechem

24 Then Joshua assembled(CI) all the tribes of Israel at Shechem.(CJ) He summoned(CK) the elders,(CL) leaders, judges and officials of Israel,(CM) and they presented themselves before God.

Joshua said to all the people, “This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, says: ‘Long ago your ancestors, including Terah the father of Abraham and Nahor,(CN) lived beyond the Euphrates River and worshiped other gods.(CO) But I took your father Abraham from the land beyond the Euphrates and led him throughout Canaan(CP) and gave him many descendants.(CQ) I gave him Isaac,(CR) and to Isaac I gave Jacob and Esau.(CS) I assigned the hill country of Seir(CT) to Esau, but Jacob and his family went down to Egypt.(CU)

“‘Then I sent Moses and Aaron,(CV) and I afflicted the Egyptians by what I did there, and I brought you out.(CW) When I brought your people out of Egypt, you came to the sea,(CX) and the Egyptians pursued them with chariots and horsemen[b](CY) as far as the Red Sea.[c](CZ) But they cried(DA) to the Lord for help, and he put darkness(DB) between you and the Egyptians; he brought the sea over them and covered them.(DC) You saw with your own eyes what I did to the Egyptians.(DD) Then you lived in the wilderness for a long time.(DE)

“‘I brought you to the land of the Amorites(DF) who lived east of the Jordan. They fought against you, but I gave them into your hands. I destroyed them from before you, and you took possession of their land.(DG) When Balak son of Zippor,(DH) the king of Moab, prepared to fight against Israel, he sent for Balaam son of Beor(DI) to put a curse on you.(DJ) 10 But I would not listen to Balaam, so he blessed you(DK) again and again, and I delivered you out of his hand.

11 “‘Then you crossed the Jordan(DL) and came to Jericho.(DM) The citizens of Jericho fought against you, as did also the Amorites, Perizzites,(DN) Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites and Jebusites,(DO) but I gave them into your hands.(DP) 12 I sent the hornet(DQ) ahead of you, which drove them out(DR) before you—also the two Amorite kings. You did not do it with your own sword and bow.(DS) 13 So I gave you a land(DT) on which you did not toil and cities you did not build; and you live in them and eat from vineyards and olive groves that you did not plant.’(DU)

14 “Now fear the Lord(DV) and serve him with all faithfulness.(DW) Throw away the gods(DX) your ancestors worshiped beyond the Euphrates River and in Egypt,(DY) and serve the Lord. 15 But if serving the Lord seems undesirable to you, then choose for yourselves this day whom you will serve, whether the gods your ancestors served beyond the Euphrates, or the gods of the Amorites,(DZ) in whose land you are living. But as for me and my household,(EA) we will serve the Lord.”(EB)

16 Then the people answered, “Far be it from us to forsake(EC) the Lord to serve other gods! 17 It was the Lord our God himself who brought us and our parents up out of Egypt, from that land of slavery,(ED) and performed those great signs(EE) before our eyes. He protected us on our entire journey and among all the nations through which we traveled. 18 And the Lord drove out(EF) before us all the nations,(EG) including the Amorites, who lived in the land.(EH) We too will serve the Lord, because he is our God.(EI)

19 Joshua said to the people, “You are not able to serve the Lord. He is a holy God;(EJ) he is a jealous God.(EK) He will not forgive(EL) your rebellion(EM) and your sins. 20 If you forsake the Lord(EN) and serve foreign gods, he will turn(EO) and bring disaster(EP) on you and make an end of you,(EQ) after he has been good to you.”

21 But the people said to Joshua, “No! We will serve the Lord.”

22 Then Joshua said, “You are witnesses(ER) against yourselves that you have chosen(ES) to serve the Lord.”

“Yes, we are witnesses,(ET)” they replied.

23 “Now then,” said Joshua, “throw away the foreign gods(EU) that are among you and yield your hearts(EV) to the Lord, the God of Israel.”

24 And the people said to Joshua, “We will serve the Lord our God and obey him.”(EW)

25 On that day Joshua made a covenant(EX) for the people, and there at Shechem(EY) he reaffirmed for them decrees and laws.(EZ) 26 And Joshua recorded(FA) these things in the Book of the Law of God.(FB) Then he took a large stone(FC) and set it up there under the oak(FD) near the holy place of the Lord.

27 “See!” he said to all the people. “This stone(FE) will be a witness(FF) against us. It has heard all the words the Lord has said to us. It will be a witness against you if you are untrue(FG) to your God.”(FH)

28 Then Joshua dismissed the people, each to their own inheritance.(FI)

Buried in the Promised Land(FJ)

29 After these things, Joshua son of Nun, the servant of the Lord, died(FK) at the age of a hundred and ten.(FL) 30 And they buried him in the land of his inheritance, at Timnath Serah[d](FM) in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash.(FN)

31 Israel served the Lord throughout the lifetime of Joshua and of the elders(FO) who outlived him and who had experienced everything the Lord had done for Israel.

32 And Joseph’s bones,(FP) which the Israelites had brought up from Egypt,(FQ) were buried at Shechem in the tract of land(FR) that Jacob bought for a hundred pieces of silver[e] from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem. This became the inheritance of Joseph’s descendants.

33 And Eleazar son of Aaron(FS) died and was buried at Gibeah,(FT) which had been allotted to his son Phinehas(FU) in the hill country(FV) of Ephraim.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 22:20 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
  2. Joshua 24:6 Or charioteers
  3. Joshua 24:6 Or the Sea of Reeds
  4. Joshua 24:30 Also known as Timnath Heres (see Judges 2:9)
  5. Joshua 24:32 Hebrew hundred kesitahs; a kesitah was a unit of money of unknown weight and value.