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[Prologus.] Et factum est, postquam in captivitatem redactus est Israel, et Jerusalem deserta est, sedit Jeremias propheta flens, et planxit lamentatione hac in Jerusalem: et amaro animo suspirans et ejulans, dixit: [Aleph.] Quomodo sedet sola civitas plena populo! Facta est quasi vidua domina gentium; princeps provinciarum facta est sub tributo.

[Beth.] Plorans ploravit in nocte, et lacrimae ejus in maxillis ejus: non est qui consoletur eam ex omnibus caris ejus; omnes amici ejus spreverunt eam, et facti sunt ei inimici.

[Ghimel.] Migravit Judas propter afflictionem, et multitudinem servitutis; habitavit inter gentes, nec invenit requiem: omnes persecutores ejus apprehenderunt eam inter angustias.

[Daleth.] Viae Sion lugent, eo quod non sint qui veniant ad solemnitatem: omnes portae ejus destructae, sacerdotes ejus gementes; virgines ejus squalidae, et ipsa oppressa amaritudine.

[He.] Facti sunt hostes ejus in capite; inimici ejus locupletati sunt: quia Dominus locutus est super eam propter multitudinem iniquitatum ejus. Parvuli ejus ducti sunt in captivitatem ante faciem tribulantis.

[Vau.] Et egressus est a filia Sion omnis decor ejus; facti sunt principes ejus velut arietes non invenientes pascua, et abierunt absque fortitudine ante faciem subsequentis.

[Zain.] Recordata est Jerusalem dierum afflictionis suae, et praevaricationis, omnium desiderabilium suorum, quae habuerat a diebus antiquis, cum caderet populus ejus in manu hostili, et non esset auxiliator: viderunt eam hostes, et deriserunt sabbata ejus.

[Heth.] Peccatum peccavit Jerusalem, propterea instabilis facta est; omnes qui glorificabant eam spreverunt illam, quia viderunt ignominiam ejus: ipsa autem gemens conversa est retrorsum.

[Teth.] Sordes ejus in pedibus ejus, nec recordata est finis sui; deposita est vehementer, non habens consolatorem. Vide, Domine, afflictionem meam, quoniam erectus est inimicus.

10 [Jod.] Manum suam misit hostis ad omnia desiderabilia ejus, quia vidit gentes ingressas sanctuarium suum, de quibus praeceperas ne intrarent in ecclesiam tuam.

11 [Caph.] Omnis populus ejus gemens, et quaerens panem; dederunt pretiosa quaeque pro cibo ad refocillandam animam. Vide, Domine, et considera quoniam facta sum vilis!

12 [Lamed.] O vos omnes qui transitis per viam, attendite, et videte si est dolor sicut dolor meus! quoniam vindemiavit me, ut locutus est Dominus, in die irae furoris sui.

13 [Mem.] De excelso misit ignem in ossibus meis, et erudivit me: expandit rete pedibus meis, convertit me retrorsum; posuit me desolatam, tota die moerore confectam.

14 [Nun.] Vigilavit jugum iniquitatum mearum; in manu ejus convolutae sunt, et impositae collo meo. Infirmata est virtus mea: dedit me Dominus in manu de qua non potero surgere.

15 [Samech.] Abstulit omnes magnificos meos Dominus de medio mei; vocavit adversum me tempus ut contereret electos meos. Torcular calcavit Dominus virgini filiae Juda.

16 [Ain.] Idcirco ego plorans, et oculus meus deducens aquas, quia longe factus est a me consolator, convertens animam meam. Facti sunt filii mei perditi, quoniam invaluit inimicus.

17 [Phe.] Expandit Sion manus suas; non est qui consoletur eam. Mandavit Dominus adversum Jacob in circuitu ejus hostes ejus; facta est Jerusalem quasi polluta menstruis inter eos.

18 [Sade.] Justus est Dominus, quia os ejus ad iracundiam provocavi. Audite, obsecro, universi populi, et videte dolorem meum: virgines meae et juvenes mei abierunt in captivitatem.

19 [Coph.] Vocavi amicos meos, et ipsi deceperunt me; sacerdotes mei et senes mei in urbe consumpti sunt, quia quaesierunt cibum sibi ut refocillarent animam suam.

20 [Res.] Vide, Domine, quoniam tribulor: conturbatus est venter meus, subversum est cor meum in memetipsa, quoniam amaritudine plena sum. Foris interfecit gladius, et domi mors similis est.

21 [Sin.] Audierunt quia ingemisco ego, et non est qui consoletur me; omnes inimici mei audierunt malum meum, laetati sunt quoniam tu fecisti: adduxisti diem consolationis, et fient similes mei.

22 [Thau.] Ingrediatur omne malum eorum coram te: et vindemia eos, sicut vindemiasti me propter omnes iniquitates meas: multi enim gemitus mei, et cor meum moerens.

[Aleph.] Quomodo obtexit caligine in furore suo Dominus filiam Sion; projecit de caelo in terram inclytam Israel, et non est recordatus scabelli pedum suorum in die furoris sui!

[Beth.] Praecipitavit Dominus, nec pepercit omnia speciosa Jacob: destruxit in furore suo munitiones virginis Juda, et dejecit in terram; polluit regnum et principes ejus.

[Ghimel.] Confregit in ira furoris sui omne cornu Israel; avertit retrorsum dexteram suam a facie inimici, et succendit in Jacob quasi ignem flammae devorantis in gyro.

[Daleth.] Tetendit arcum suum quasi inimicus, firmavit dexteram suam quasi hostis, et occidit omne quod pulchrum erat visu in tabernaculo filiae Sion; effudit quasi ignem indignationem suam.

[He.] Factus est Dominus velut inimicus, praecipitavit Israel: praecipitavit omnia moenia ejus, dissipavit munitiones ejus, et replevit in filia Juda humiliatum et humiliatam.

[Vau.] Et dissipavit quasi hortum tentorium suum; demolitus est tabernaculum suum. Oblivioni tradidit Dominus in Sion festivitatem et sabbatum; et in opprobrium, et in indignationem furoris sui, regem et sacerdotem.

[Zain.] Repulit Dominus altare suum; maledixit sanctificationi suae: tradidit in manu inimici muros turrium ejus. Vocem dederunt in domo Domini sicut in die solemni.

[Heth.] Cogitavit Dominus dissipare murum filiae Sion; tetendit funiculum suum, et non avertit manum suam a perditione: luxitque antemurale, et murus pariter dissipatus est.

[Teth.] Defixae sunt in terra portae ejus, perdidit et contrivit vectes ejus; regem ejus et principes ejus in gentibus: non est lex, et prophetae ejus non invenerunt visionem a Domino.

10 [Jod.] Sederunt in terra, conticuerunt senes filiae Sion; consperserunt cinere capita sua, accincti sunt ciliciis: abjecerunt in terram capita sua virgines Jerusalem.

11 [Caph.] Defecerunt prae lacrimis oculi mei, conturbata sunt viscera mea; effusum est in terra jecur meum super contritione filiae populi mei, cum deficeret parvulus et lactens in plateis oppidi.

12 [Lamed.] Matribus suis dixerunt: Ubi est triticum et vinum? cum deficerent quasi vulnerati in plateis civitatis, cum exhalarent animas suas in sinu matrum suarum.

13 [Mem.] Cui comparabo te, vel cui assimilabo te, filia Jerusalem? cui exaequabo te, et consolabor te, virgo, filia Sion? magna est enim velut mare contritio tua: quis medebitur tui?

14 [Nun.] Prophetae tui viderunt tibi falsa et stulta; nec aperiebant iniquitatem tuam, ut te ad poenitentiam provocarent; viderunt autem tibi assumptiones falsas, et ejectiones.

15 [Samech.] Plauserunt super te manibus omnes transeuntes per viam; sibilaverunt et moverunt caput suum super filiam Jerusalem: Haeccine est urbs, dicentes, perfecti decoris, gaudium universae terrae?

16 [Phe.] Aperuerunt super te os suum omnes inimici tui: sibilaverunt, et fremuerunt dentibus, et dixerunt: Devorabimus: en ista est dies quam exspectabamus; invenimus, vidimus.

17 [Ain.] Fecit Dominus quae cogitavit; complevit sermonem suum, quem praeceperat a diebus antiquis: destruxit, et non pepercit, et laetificavit super te inimicum, et exaltavit cornu hostium tuorum.

18 [Sade.] Clamavit cor eorum ad Dominum super muros filiae Sion: Deduc quasi torrentem lacrimas per diem et noctem; non des requiem tibi, neque taceat pupilla oculi tui.

19 [Coph.] Consurge, lauda in nocte, in principio vigiliarum; effunde sicut aquam cor tuum ante conspectum Domini: leva ad eum manus tuas pro anima parvulorum tuorum, qui defecerunt in fame in capite omnium compitorum.

20 [Res.] Vide, Domine, et considera quem vindemiaveris ita. Ergone comedent mulieres fructum suum, parvulos ad mensuram palmae? si occiditur in sanctuario Domini sacerdos et propheta?

21 [Sin.] Jacuerunt in terra foris puer et senex; virgines meae et juvenes mei ceciderunt in gladio: interfecisti in die furoris tui, percussisti, nec misertus es.

22 [Thau.] Vocasti quasi ad diem solemnem, qui terrerent me de circuitu; et non fuit in die furoris Domini qui effugeret, et relinqueretur: quos educavi et enutrivi, inimicus meus consumpsit eos.

[Aleph.] Ego vir videns paupertatem meam in virga indignationis ejus.

[Aleph.] Me minavit, et adduxit in tenebras, et non in lucem.

[Aleph.] Tantum in me vertit et convertit manum suam tota die.

[Beth.] Vetustam fecit pellem meam et carnem meam; contrivit ossa mea.

[Beth.] AEdificavit in gyro meo, et circumdedit me felle et labore.

[Beth.] In tenebrosis collocavit me, quasi mortuos sempiternos.

[Ghimel.] Circumaedificavit adversum me, ut non egrediar; aggravavit compedem meum.

[Ghimel.] Sed et cum clamavero, et rogavero, exclusit orationem meam.

[Ghimel.] Conclusit vias meas lapidibus quadris; semitas meas subvertit.

10 [Daleth.] Ursus insidians factus est mihi, leo in absconditis.

11 [Daleth.] Semitas meas subvertit, et confregit me; posuit me desolatam.

12 [Daleth.] Tetendit arcum suum, et posuit me quasi signum ad sagittam.

13 [He.] Misit in renibus meis filias pharetrae suae.

14 [He.] Factus sum in derisum omni populo meo, canticum eorum tota die.

15 [He.] Replevit me amaritudinibus; inebriavit me absinthio.

16 [Vau.] Et fregit ad numerum dentes meos; cibavit me cinere.

17 [Vau.] Et repulsa est a pace anima mea; oblitus sum bonorum.

18 [Vau.] Et dixi: Periit finis meus, et spes mea a Domino.

19 [Zain.] Recordare paupertatis, et transgressionis meae, absinthii et fellis.

20 [Zain.] Memoria memor ero, et tabescet in me anima mea.

21 [Zain.] Haec recolens in corde meo, ideo sperabo.

22 [Heth.] Misericordiae Domini, quia non sumus consumpti; quia non defecerunt miserationes ejus.

23 [Heth.] Novi diluculo, multa est fides tua.

24 [Heth.] Pars mea Dominus, dixit anima mea; propterea exspectabo eum.

25 [Teth.] Bonus est Dominus sperantibus in eum, animae quaerenti illum.

26 [Teth.] Bonum est praestolari cum silentio salutare Dei.

27 [Teth.] Bonum est viro cum portaverit jugum ab adolescentia sua.

28 [Jod.] Sedebit solitarius, et tacebit, quia levavit super se.

29 [Jod.] Ponet in pulvere os suum, si forte sit spes.

30 [Jod.] Dabit percutienti se maxillam: saturabitur opprobriis.

31 [Caph.] Quia non repellet in sempiternum Dominus.

32 [Caph.] Quia si abjecit, et miserebitur, secundum multitudinem misericordiarum suarum.

33 [Caph.] Non enim humiliavit ex corde suo et abjecit filios hominum.

34 [Lamed.] Ut conteret sub pedibus suis omnes vinctos terrae.

35 [Lamed.] Ut declinaret judicium viri in conspectu vultus Altissimi.

36 [Lamed.] Ut perverteret hominem in judicio suo; Dominus ignoravit.

[a]How deserted(A) lies the city,
    once so full of people!(B)
How like a widow(C) is she,
    who once was great(D) among the nations!
She who was queen among the provinces
    has now become a slave.(E)

Bitterly she weeps(F) at night,
    tears are on her cheeks.
Among all her lovers(G)
    there is no one to comfort her.
All her friends have betrayed(H) her;
    they have become her enemies.(I)

After affliction and harsh labor,
    Judah has gone into exile.(J)
She dwells among the nations;
    she finds no resting place.(K)
All who pursue her have overtaken her(L)
    in the midst of her distress.

The roads to Zion mourn,(M)
    for no one comes to her appointed festivals.
All her gateways are desolate,(N)
    her priests groan,
her young women grieve,
    and she is in bitter anguish.(O)

Her foes have become her masters;
    her enemies are at ease.
The Lord has brought her grief(P)
    because of her many sins.(Q)
Her children have gone into exile,(R)
    captive before the foe.(S)

All the splendor has departed
    from Daughter Zion.(T)
Her princes are like deer
    that find no pasture;
in weakness they have fled(U)
    before the pursuer.

In the days of her affliction and wandering
    Jerusalem remembers all the treasures
    that were hers in days of old.
When her people fell into enemy hands,
    there was no one to help her.(V)
Her enemies looked at her
    and laughed(W) at her destruction.

Jerusalem has sinned(X) greatly
    and so has become unclean.(Y)
All who honored her despise her,
    for they have all seen her naked;(Z)
she herself groans(AA)
    and turns away.

Her filthiness clung to her skirts;
    she did not consider her future.(AB)
Her fall(AC) was astounding;
    there was none to comfort(AD) her.
“Look, Lord, on my affliction,(AE)
    for the enemy has triumphed.”

10 The enemy laid hands
    on all her treasures;(AF)
she saw pagan nations
    enter her sanctuary(AG)
those you had forbidden(AH)
    to enter your assembly.

11 All her people groan(AI)
    as they search for bread;(AJ)
they barter their treasures for food
    to keep themselves alive.
“Look, Lord, and consider,
    for I am despised.”

12 “Is it nothing to you, all you who pass by?(AK)
    Look around and see.
Is any suffering like my suffering(AL)
    that was inflicted on me,
that the Lord brought on me
    in the day of his fierce anger?(AM)

13 “From on high he sent fire,
    sent it down into my bones.(AN)
He spread a net(AO) for my feet
    and turned me back.
He made me desolate,(AP)
    faint(AQ) all the day long.

14 “My sins have been bound into a yoke[b];(AR)
    by his hands they were woven together.
They have been hung on my neck,
    and the Lord has sapped my strength.
He has given me into the hands(AS)
    of those I cannot withstand.

15 “The Lord has rejected
    all the warriors in my midst;(AT)
he has summoned an army(AU) against me
    to[c] crush my young men.(AV)
In his winepress(AW) the Lord has trampled(AX)
    Virgin Daughter(AY) Judah.

16 “This is why I weep
    and my eyes overflow with tears.(AZ)
No one is near to comfort(BA) me,
    no one to restore my spirit.
My children are destitute
    because the enemy has prevailed.”(BB)

17 Zion stretches out her hands,(BC)
    but there is no one to comfort her.
The Lord has decreed for Jacob
    that his neighbors become his foes;(BD)
Jerusalem has become
    an unclean(BE) thing(BF) among them.

18 “The Lord is righteous,(BG)
    yet I rebelled(BH) against his command.
Listen, all you peoples;
    look on my suffering.(BI)
My young men and young women
    have gone into exile.(BJ)

19 “I called to my allies(BK)
    but they betrayed me.
My priests and my elders
    perished(BL) in the city
while they searched for food
    to keep themselves alive.

20 “See, Lord, how distressed(BM) I am!
    I am in torment(BN) within,
and in my heart I am disturbed,(BO)
    for I have been most rebellious.(BP)
Outside, the sword bereaves;
    inside, there is only death.(BQ)

21 “People have heard my groaning,(BR)
    but there is no one to comfort me.(BS)
All my enemies have heard of my distress;
    they rejoice(BT) at what you have done.
May you bring the day(BU) you have announced
    so they may become like me.

22 “Let all their wickedness come before you;
    deal with them
as you have dealt with me
    because of all my sins.(BV)
My groans(BW) are many
    and my heart is faint.”

[d]How the Lord has covered Daughter Zion
    with the cloud of his anger[e]!(BX)
He has hurled down the splendor of Israel
    from heaven to earth;
he has not remembered his footstool(BY)
    in the day of his anger.(BZ)

Without pity(CA) the Lord has swallowed(CB) up
    all the dwellings of Jacob;
in his wrath he has torn down
    the strongholds(CC) of Daughter Judah.
He has brought her kingdom and its princes
    down to the ground(CD) in dishonor.

In fierce anger he has cut off
    every horn[f][g](CE) of Israel.
He has withdrawn his right hand(CF)
    at the approach of the enemy.
He has burned in Jacob like a flaming fire
    that consumes everything around it.(CG)

Like an enemy he has strung his bow;(CH)
    his right hand is ready.
Like a foe he has slain
    all who were pleasing to the eye;(CI)
he has poured out his wrath(CJ) like fire(CK)
    on the tent(CL) of Daughter Zion.

The Lord is like an enemy;(CM)
    he has swallowed up Israel.
He has swallowed up all her palaces
    and destroyed her strongholds.(CN)
He has multiplied mourning and lamentation(CO)
    for Daughter Judah.(CP)

He has laid waste his dwelling like a garden;
    he has destroyed(CQ) his place of meeting.(CR)
The Lord has made Zion forget
    her appointed festivals and her Sabbaths;(CS)
in his fierce anger he has spurned
    both king and priest.(CT)

The Lord has rejected his altar
    and abandoned his sanctuary.(CU)
He has given the walls of her palaces(CV)
    into the hands of the enemy;
they have raised a shout in the house of the Lord
    as on the day of an appointed festival.(CW)

The Lord determined to tear down
    the wall around Daughter Zion.(CX)
He stretched out a measuring line(CY)
    and did not withhold his hand from destroying.
He made ramparts(CZ) and walls lament;
    together they wasted away.(DA)

Her gates(DB) have sunk into the ground;
    their bars(DC) he has broken and destroyed.
Her king and her princes are exiled(DD) among the nations,
    the law(DE) is no more,
and her prophets(DF) no longer find
    visions(DG) from the Lord.

10 The elders of Daughter Zion
    sit on the ground in silence;(DH)
they have sprinkled dust(DI) on their heads(DJ)
    and put on sackcloth.(DK)
The young women of Jerusalem
    have bowed their heads to the ground.(DL)

11 My eyes fail from weeping,(DM)
    I am in torment within(DN);
my heart(DO) is poured out(DP) on the ground
    because my people are destroyed,(DQ)
because children and infants faint(DR)
    in the streets of the city.

12 They say to their mothers,
    “Where is bread and wine?”(DS)
as they faint like the wounded
    in the streets of the city,
as their lives ebb away(DT)
    in their mothers’ arms.(DU)

13 What can I say for you?(DV)
    With what can I compare you,
    Daughter(DW) Jerusalem?
To what can I liken you,
    that I may comfort you,
    Virgin Daughter Zion?(DX)
Your wound is as deep as the sea.(DY)
    Who can heal you?

14 The visions of your prophets
    were false(DZ) and worthless;
they did not expose your sin
    to ward off your captivity.(EA)
The prophecies they gave you
    were false and misleading.(EB)

15 All who pass your way
    clap their hands at you;(EC)
they scoff(ED) and shake their heads(EE)
    at Daughter Jerusalem:(EF)
“Is this the city that was called
    the perfection of beauty,(EG)
    the joy of the whole earth?”(EH)

16 All your enemies open their mouths
    wide against you;(EI)
they scoff and gnash their teeth(EJ)
    and say, “We have swallowed her up.(EK)
This is the day we have waited for;
    we have lived to see it.”(EL)

17 The Lord has done what he planned;
    he has fulfilled(EM) his word,
    which he decreed long ago.(EN)
He has overthrown you without pity,(EO)
    he has let the enemy gloat over you,(EP)
    he has exalted the horn[h] of your foes.(EQ)

18 The hearts of the people
    cry out to the Lord.(ER)
You walls of Daughter Zion,(ES)
    let your tears(ET) flow like a river
    day and night;(EU)
give yourself no relief,
    your eyes no rest.(EV)

19 Arise, cry out in the night,
    as the watches of the night begin;
pour out your heart(EW) like water
    in the presence of the Lord.(EX)
Lift up your hands(EY) to him
    for the lives of your children,
who faint(EZ) from hunger
    at every street corner.

20 “Look, Lord, and consider:
    Whom have you ever treated like this?
Should women eat their offspring,(FA)
    the children they have cared for?(FB)
Should priest and prophet be killed(FC)
    in the sanctuary of the Lord?(FD)

21 “Young and old lie together
    in the dust of the streets;
my young men and young women
    have fallen by the sword.(FE)
You have slain them in the day of your anger;
    you have slaughtered them without pity.(FF)

22 “As you summon to a feast day,
    so you summoned against me terrors(FG) on every side.
In the day of the Lord’s anger
    no one escaped(FH) or survived;
those I cared for and reared(FI)
    my enemy has destroyed.”

[i]I am the man who has seen affliction(FJ)
    by the rod of the Lord’s wrath.(FK)
He has driven me away and made me walk
    in darkness(FL) rather than light;
indeed, he has turned his hand against me(FM)
    again and again, all day long.

He has made my skin and my flesh grow old(FN)
    and has broken my bones.(FO)
He has besieged me and surrounded me
    with bitterness(FP) and hardship.(FQ)
He has made me dwell in darkness
    like those long dead.(FR)

He has walled me in so I cannot escape;(FS)
    he has weighed me down with chains.(FT)
Even when I call out or cry for help,(FU)
    he shuts out my prayer.(FV)
He has barred(FW) my way with blocks of stone;
    he has made my paths crooked.(FX)

10 Like a bear lying in wait,
    like a lion(FY) in hiding,(FZ)
11 he dragged me from the path and mangled(GA) me
    and left me without help.
12 He drew his bow(GB)
    and made me the target(GC) for his arrows.(GD)

13 He pierced(GE) my heart
    with arrows from his quiver.(GF)
14 I became the laughingstock(GG) of all my people;(GH)
    they mock me in song(GI) all day long.
15 He has filled me with bitter herbs
    and given me gall to drink.(GJ)

16 He has broken my teeth with gravel;(GK)
    he has trampled me in the dust.(GL)
17 I have been deprived of peace;
    I have forgotten what prosperity is.
18 So I say, “My splendor is gone
    and all that I had hoped from the Lord.”(GM)

19 I remember my affliction and my wandering,
    the bitterness(GN) and the gall.(GO)
20 I well remember them,
    and my soul is downcast(GP) within me.(GQ)
21 Yet this I call to mind
    and therefore I have hope:

22 Because of the Lord’s great love(GR) we are not consumed,(GS)
    for his compassions never fail.(GT)
23 They are new every morning;
    great is your faithfulness.(GU)
24 I say to myself, “The Lord is my portion;(GV)
    therefore I will wait for him.”

25 The Lord is good to those whose hope is in him,
    to the one who seeks him;(GW)
26 it is good to wait quietly(GX)
    for the salvation of the Lord.(GY)
27 It is good for a man to bear the yoke
    while he is young.

28 Let him sit alone in silence,(GZ)
    for the Lord has laid it on him.
29 Let him bury his face in the dust(HA)
    there may yet be hope.(HB)
30 Let him offer his cheek to one who would strike him,(HC)
    and let him be filled with disgrace.(HD)

31 For no one is cast off
    by the Lord forever.(HE)
32 Though he brings grief, he will show compassion,
    so great is his unfailing love.(HF)
33 For he does not willingly bring affliction
    or grief to anyone.(HG)

34 To crush underfoot
    all prisoners in the land,
35 to deny people their rights
    before the Most High,(HH)
36 to deprive them of justice—
    would not the Lord see such things?(HI)

Footnotes

  1. Lamentations 1:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem, the verses of which begin with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
  2. Lamentations 1:14 Most Hebrew manuscripts; many Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint He kept watch over my sins
  3. Lamentations 1:15 Or has set a time for me / when he will
  4. Lamentations 2:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem, the verses of which begin with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
  5. Lamentations 2:1 Or How the Lord in his anger / has treated Daughter Zion with contempt
  6. Lamentations 2:3 Or off / all the strength; or every king
  7. Lamentations 2:3 Horn here symbolizes strength.
  8. Lamentations 2:17 Horn here symbolizes strength.
  9. Lamentations 3:1 This chapter is an acrostic poem; the verses of each stanza begin with the successive letters of the Hebrew alphabet, and the verses within each stanza begin with the same letter.