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The Lord's Challenge to His People

The Lord said to his people:
Come and present your case
    to the hills and mountains.
Israel, I am bringing charges
    against you—
I call upon the mountains
and the earth's firm foundation
    to be my witnesses.

My people, have I wronged you
in any way at all?
    Please tell me.
(A) I rescued you from Egypt,
    where you were slaves.
I sent Moses, Aaron, and Miriam
    to be your leaders.
(B) Don't forget the evil plans
    of King Balak of Moab
or what Balaam son of Beor[a]
    said to him.
Remember how I, the Lord,
    saved you many times
on your way from Acacia
    to Gilgal.[b]

True Obedience

What offering should I bring
when I bow down to worship
    the Lord God Most High?
Should I try to please him[c]
by sacrificing
    calves a year old?
Will thousands of sheep
or rivers of olive oil
    make God satisfied with me?
Should I sacrifice to the Lord
my first-born child as payment
    for my terrible sins?
The Lord God has told us
what is right
    and what he demands:
“See that justice is done,
let mercy be your first concern,
    and humbly obey your God.”

Cheating and Violence

I am the Lord,
and you are wise to respect
    my power to punish.
So listen to my message
    for the city of Jerusalem:[d]
10 You store up stolen treasures
    and use dishonest scales.[e]
11 But I, the Lord, will punish you
for cheating with weights
    and with measures.
12 You rich people are violent,
    and everyone tells lies.

13 Because of your sins,
I will wound you and leave you
    ruined and defenseless.
14 You will eat,
    but still be hungry;
you will store up goods,
    but lose everything—
I, the Lord, will let it all
    be captured in war.
15 You won't harvest what you plant
or use the oil
    from your olive trees
or drink the wine
    from grapes you grow.

16 (C) Jerusalem, this will happen
    because you followed
the sinful example
    of kings Omri and Ahab.[f]
Now I will destroy you
    and your property.
Then the people of every nation
    will make fun and insult you.

Israel Is Corrupt

I feel so empty inside—
like someone starving
    for grapes or figs,
after the vines and trees
    have all been picked clean.
No one is loyal to God;
    no one does right.
Everyone is brutal
and eager to deceive
    everyone else.
People cooperate to commit crime.
Judges and leaders demand bribes,
    and rulers cheat in court.[g]
The most honest of them
    is worse than a thorn patch.

Your doom has come!
Lookouts sound the warning,
    and everyone panics.
Don't trust anyone,
    not even your best friend,
and be careful what you say
    to the one you love.

(D) Sons refuse to respect
    their own fathers,
daughters rebel against
    their own mothers,
and daughters-in-law despise
    their mothers-in-law.
Your family is now your enemy.
But I trust the Lord God
    to save me,
and I will wait for him
    to answer my prayer.

The Nation Turns to God

My enemies, don't be glad
    because of my troubles!
I may have fallen,
    but I will get up;
I may be sitting in the dark,
    but the Lord is my light.
I have sinned against the Lord.
And so I must endure his anger,
    until he comes to my defense.
But I know that I will see him
making things right for me
    and leading me to the light.

10 You, my enemies, said,
    “The Lord God is helpless.”
Now each of you
will be disgraced
    and put to shame.
I will see you trampled
    like mud in the street.

A Bright Future

11 Towns of Judah, the day is coming
when your walls will be rebuilt,
    and your boundaries enlarged.
12 People will flock to you
    from Assyria and Egypt,
from Babylonia[h]
    and everywhere else.
13 Those nations will suffer disaster
    because of what they did.

Micah's Prayer and the Lord's Answer

14 Lead your people, Lord!
    Come and be our shepherd.
Grasslands surround us,
    but we live in a forest.
So lead us to Bashan and Gilead,[i]
and let us find pasture
    as we did long ago.

15 I, the Lord, will work miracles
just as I did when I led you
    out of Egypt.
16 Nations will see this
and be ashamed because
    of their helpless armies.
They will be in shock,
    unable to speak or hear,
17 because of their fear of me,
    your Lord and God.
Then they will come trembling,
crawling out of their fortresses
    like insects or snakes,
    lapping up the dust.

No One Is Like God

The people said:

18 Our God, no one is like you.
We are all that is left
    of your chosen people,
and you freely forgive
    our sin and guilt.
You don't stay angry forever;
you're glad to have pity
19     and pleased to be merciful.
You will trample on our sins
    and throw them in the sea.
20 You will keep your word
and be faithful to Jacob
    and to Abraham,
as you promised our ancestors
    many years ago.

Footnotes

  1. 6.5 Balak … Beor: See Numbers 22-24.
  2. 6.5 Acacia to Gilgal: Acacia was where the Israelites camped after the experience with Balaam (see Numbers 25.1; Joshua 2.1; 3.1); Gilgal was where they camped while waiting to attack Jericho (see Joshua 4.19—5.12).
  3. 6.6 try to please him: This refers to what are traditionally called “burnt sacrifices,” which were offered as a way of pleasing the Lord.
  4. 6.9 Jerusalem: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text of verse 9.
  5. 6.10 scales: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text of verse 10.
  6. 6.16 Omri and Ahab: King Ahab was the son of Omri and the husband of the evil Jezebel. Almost two centuries before Micah, the prophet Elijah had spoken against the idolatry and the other sinful practices that Ahab had encouraged in Israel (see 1 Kings 16.21-34; 18.1-18; 21.1-26).
  7. 7.3 court: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text of verse 3.
  8. 7.12 Babylonia: The Hebrew text has “the river,” meaning the Euphrates River, which stood for Babylonia.
  9. 7.14 Bashan and Gilead: Two regions east of the Jordan River, known for their fertile pasturelands.

The Lord’s Case Against Israel

Listen to what the Lord says:

“Stand up, plead my case before the mountains;(A)
    let the hills hear what you have to say.

“Hear,(B) you mountains, the Lord’s accusation;(C)
    listen, you everlasting foundations of the earth.
For the Lord has a case(D) against his people;
    he is lodging a charge(E) against Israel.

“My people, what have I done to you?
    How have I burdened(F) you?(G) Answer me.
I brought you up out of Egypt(H)
    and redeemed you from the land of slavery.(I)
I sent Moses(J) to lead you,
    also Aaron(K) and Miriam.(L)
My people, remember
    what Balak(M) king of Moab plotted
    and what Balaam son of Beor answered.
Remember your journey from Shittim(N) to Gilgal,(O)
    that you may know the righteous acts(P) of the Lord.”

With what shall I come before(Q) the Lord
    and bow down before the exalted God?
Shall I come before him with burnt offerings,
    with calves a year old?(R)
Will the Lord be pleased with thousands of rams,(S)
    with ten thousand rivers of olive oil?(T)
Shall I offer my firstborn(U) for my transgression,
    the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul?(V)
He has shown you, O mortal, what is good.
    And what does the Lord require of you?
To act justly(W) and to love mercy
    and to walk humbly[a](X) with your God.(Y)

Israel’s Guilt and Punishment

Listen! The Lord is calling to the city—
    and to fear your name is wisdom—
    “Heed the rod(Z) and the One who appointed it.[b]
10 Am I still to forget your ill-gotten treasures, you wicked house,
    and the short ephah,[c] which is accursed?(AA)
11 Shall I acquit someone with dishonest scales,(AB)
    with a bag of false weights?(AC)
12 Your rich people are violent;(AD)
    your inhabitants are liars(AE)
    and their tongues speak deceitfully.(AF)
13 Therefore, I have begun to destroy(AG) you,
    to ruin[d] you because of your sins.
14 You will eat but not be satisfied;(AH)
    your stomach will still be empty.[e]
You will store up but save nothing,(AI)
    because what you save[f] I will give to the sword.
15 You will plant but not harvest;(AJ)
    you will press olives but not use the oil,
    you will crush grapes but not drink the wine.(AK)
16 You have observed the statutes of Omri(AL)
    and all the practices of Ahab’s(AM) house;
    you have followed their traditions.(AN)
Therefore I will give you over to ruin(AO)
    and your people to derision;
    you will bear the scorn(AP) of the nations.[g]

Israel’s Misery

What misery is mine!
I am like one who gathers summer fruit
    at the gleaning of the vineyard;
there is no cluster of grapes to eat,
    none of the early figs(AQ) that I crave.
The faithful have been swept from the land;(AR)
    not one(AS) upright person remains.
Everyone lies in wait(AT) to shed blood;(AU)
    they hunt each other(AV) with nets.(AW)
Both hands are skilled in doing evil;(AX)
    the ruler demands gifts,
the judge accepts bribes,(AY)
    the powerful dictate what they desire—
    they all conspire together.
The best of them is like a brier,(AZ)
    the most upright worse than a thorn(BA) hedge.
The day God visits you has come,
    the day your watchmen sound the alarm.
    Now is the time of your confusion.(BB)
Do not trust a neighbor;
    put no confidence in a friend.(BC)
Even with the woman who lies in your embrace
    guard the words of your lips.
For a son dishonors his father,
    a daughter rises up against her mother,(BD)
a daughter-in-law against her mother-in-law—
    a man’s enemies are the members of his own household.(BE)

But as for me, I watch(BF) in hope(BG) for the Lord,
    I wait for God my Savior;
    my God will hear(BH) me.

Israel Will Rise

Do not gloat over me,(BI) my enemy!
    Though I have fallen, I will rise.(BJ)
Though I sit in darkness,
    the Lord will be my light.(BK)
Because I have sinned against him,
    I will bear the Lord’s wrath,(BL)
until he pleads my case(BM)
    and upholds my cause.
He will bring me out into the light;(BN)
    I will see his righteousness.(BO)
10 Then my enemy will see it
    and will be covered with shame,(BP)
she who said to me,
    “Where is the Lord your God?”(BQ)
My eyes will see her downfall;(BR)
    even now she will be trampled(BS) underfoot
    like mire in the streets.

11 The day for building your walls(BT) will come,
    the day for extending your boundaries.
12 In that day people will come to you
    from Assyria(BU) and the cities of Egypt,
even from Egypt to the Euphrates
    and from sea to sea
    and from mountain to mountain.(BV)
13 The earth will become desolate because of its inhabitants,
    as the result of their deeds.(BW)

Prayer and Praise

14 Shepherd(BX) your people with your staff,(BY)
    the flock of your inheritance,
which lives by itself in a forest,
    in fertile pasturelands.[h](BZ)
Let them feed in Bashan(CA) and Gilead(CB)
    as in days long ago.(CC)

15 “As in the days when you came out of Egypt,
    I will show them my wonders.(CD)

16 Nations will see and be ashamed,(CE)
    deprived of all their power.
They will put their hands over their mouths(CF)
    and their ears will become deaf.
17 They will lick dust(CG) like a snake,
    like creatures that crawl on the ground.
They will come trembling(CH) out of their dens;
    they will turn in fear(CI) to the Lord our God
    and will be afraid of you.
18 Who is a God(CJ) like you,
    who pardons sin(CK) and forgives(CL) the transgression
    of the remnant(CM) of his inheritance?(CN)
You do not stay angry(CO) forever
    but delight to show mercy.(CP)
19 You will again have compassion on us;
    you will tread our sins underfoot
    and hurl all our iniquities(CQ) into the depths of the sea.(CR)
20 You will be faithful to Jacob,
    and show love to Abraham,(CS)
as you pledged on oath to our ancestors(CT)
    in days long ago.(CU)

Footnotes

  1. Micah 6:8 Or prudently
  2. Micah 6:9 The meaning of the Hebrew for this line is uncertain.
  3. Micah 6:10 An ephah was a dry measure.
  4. Micah 6:13 Or Therefore, I will make you ill and destroy you; / I will ruin
  5. Micah 6:14 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  6. Micah 6:14 Or You will press toward birth but not give birth, / and what you bring to birth
  7. Micah 6:16 Septuagint; Hebrew scorn due my people
  8. Micah 7:14 Or in the middle of Carmel