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Water from a Rock

20 The people of Israel arrived at the Zin Desert during the first month[a] and set up camp near the town of Kadesh. It was there that Miriam died and was buried.

(A) The Israelites had no water, so they went to Moses and Aaron and complained, “Moses, we'd be better off if we had died along with the others in front of the Lord's sacred tent.[b] You brought us into this desert, and now we and our livestock are going to die! Egypt was better than this horrible place. At least there we had grain and figs and grapevines and pomegranates.[c] But now we don't even have any water.”

Moses and Aaron went to the entrance to the sacred tent, where they bowed down. The Lord appeared to them in all of his glory 7-8 and said, “Moses, get your walking stick.[d] Then you and Aaron call the people together and command that rock to give you water. That's how you will provide water for the people of Israel and their livestock.”

Moses obeyed and took his stick from the sacred tent. 10 After he and Aaron had gathered the people around the rock, he said, “Look, you rebellious people, and you will see water flow from this rock!” 11 (B) He raised his stick in the air and struck the rock two times. At once, water gushed from the rock, and the people and their livestock had water to drink.

12 But the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you refused to believe in my power, these people did not respect me. And so, you will not be the ones to lead them into the land I have promised.”

13 The Israelites had complained against the Lord, and he had shown them his holy power by giving them water to drink. So they named the place Meribah, which means “Complaining.”

Israel Isn't Allowed To Go through Edom

14 Moses sent messengers from Israel's camp near Kadesh with this message for the king of Edom:

We are Israelites, your own relatives, and we're sure you have heard the terrible things that have happened to us. 15 Our ancestors settled in Egypt and lived there a long time. But later the Egyptians were cruel to us, 16 and when we begged our Lord for help, he answered our prayer and brought us out of that land.

Now we are camped at the border of your territory, near the town of Kadesh. 17 Please let us go through your country. We won't go near your fields or vineyards, and we won't drink any water from your wells. We will stay on the main road[e] until we leave your territory.

18 But the king of Edom answered, “No, I won't let you go through our country! And if you try, we will attack you.”

19 Moses sent back this message: “We promise to stay on the main road, and if any of us or our livestock drink your water, we will pay for it. We just want to pass through.”

20 But the king insisted, “You can't go through our land!”

Then Edom sent out its strongest troops 21 to keep Israel from passing through its territory. So the Israelites had to go in another direction.

Aaron Dies

22 After the Israelites had left Kadesh and had gone as far as Mount Hor 23 on the Edomite border, the Lord said, 24 “Aaron, this is where you will die. You and Moses disobeyed me at Meribah, and so you will not enter the land I promised the Israelites. 25 Moses, go with Aaron and his son Eleazar to the top of the mountain. 26 Then take Aaron's priestly robe from him and place it on Eleazar. Aaron will die there.”

27 Moses obeyed, and everyone watched as he and Aaron and Eleazar walked to the top of Mount Hor. 28 (C) Moses then took the priestly robe from Aaron and placed it on Eleazar. Aaron died there.

When Moses and Eleazar came down, 29 the people knew that Aaron had died, and they mourned his death for 30 days.

Israel Defeats the Canaanites at Hormah

21 (D) The Canaanite king of Arad lived in the Southern Desert of Canaan, and when he heard that the Israelites were on their way to the village of Atharim, he attacked and took some of them hostage.

The Israelites prayed, “Our Lord, if you will help us defeat these Canaanites, we will completely destroy their towns and everything in them, to show that they belong to you.”[f]

The Lord answered their prayer and helped them wipe out the Canaanite army and completely destroy their towns. That's why one of the towns is named Hormah, which means “Destroyed Place.”

Moses Makes a Bronze Snake

(E) The Israelites had to go around the territory of Edom, so when they left Mount Hor, they headed south toward the Red Sea.[g] But along the way, the people became so impatient (F) that they complained against God and said to Moses, “Did you bring us out of Egypt, just to let us die in the desert? There's no water out here, and we can't stand this awful food!”

Then the Lord sent poisonous snakes that bit and killed many of them.

Some of the people went to Moses and admitted, “It was wrong of us to insult you and the Lord. Now please ask him to make these snakes go away.”

Moses prayed, and the Lord answered, “Make a snake out of bronze and place it on top of a pole. Anyone who gets bitten can look at the snake and be saved from death.”

(G) Moses obeyed the Lord. And all of those who looked at the bronze snake lived, even though they had been bitten by the poisonous snakes.

Israel's Journey to Moab

10 As the Israelites continued their journey to Canaan, they camped at Oboth, 11 then at Iye-Abarim in the desert east of Moab, 12 and then in the Zered Gorge. 13 After that, they crossed the Arnon River gorge and camped in the Moabite desert bordering Amorite territory. The Arnon was the border between the Moabites and the Amorites. 14 A song in The Book of the Lord's Battles[h] mentions the town of Waheb with its creeks in the territory of Suphah. It also mentions the Arnon River, 15 with its valleys that lie alongside the Moabite border and extend to the town of Ar.

16 From the Arnon, the Israelites went to the well near the town of Beer, where the Lord had said to Moses, “Call the people together, and I will give them water to drink.”

17 That's also the same well the Israelites sang about in this song:

Let's celebrate!
    The well has given us water.
18 With their royal scepters,
our leaders pointed out
    where to dig the well.

The Israelites left the desert and camped near the town of Mattanah, 19 then at Nahaliel, and then at Bamoth. 20 Finally, they reached Moabite territory, where they camped near Mount Pisgah[i] in a valley overlooking the desert north of the Dead Sea.

Israel Defeats King Sihon the Amorite

(Deuteronomy 2.26-37)

21 The Israelites sent this message to King Sihon of the Amorites:

22 Please let us pass through your territory. We promise to stay away from your fields and vineyards, and we won't drink any water from your wells. As long as we're in your land, we'll stay on the main road.[j]

23 But Sihon refused to let Israel travel through his land. Instead, he called together his entire army and marched into the desert to attack Israel near the town of Jahaz. 24 Israel defeated them and took over the Amorite territory from the Arnon River gorge in the south to the Jabbok River gorge in the north. Beyond the Jabbok was the territory of the Ammonites, who were much stronger than Israel.

25 The Israelites settled in the Amorite towns, including the capital city of Heshbon with its surrounding villages. 26 King Sihon had ruled from Heshbon, after defeating the Moabites and taking over their land north of the Arnon River gorge. 27 That's why the Amorites had written this poem about Heshbon:

Come and rebuild Heshbon,
    King Sihon's capital city!
28 (H) His armies marched out
    like fiery flames,
burning down the town of Ar
and destroying[k] the hills
    along the Arnon River.
29 You Moabites are done for!
Your god Chemosh
    deserted your people;
they were captured, taken away
    by King Sihon the Amorite.
30 We completely defeated Moab.
The towns of Heshbon and Dibon,
    of Nophah and Medeba
    are ruined and gone.[l]

31 After the Israelites had settled in the Amorite territory, 32 Moses sent some men to explore the town of Jazer. Later, the Israelites captured the villages surrounding it and forced out the Amorites who lived there.

Israel Defeats King Og of Bashan

(Deuteronomy 3.1-11)

33 The Israelites headed toward the region of Bashan, where King Og ruled, and he led his entire army to Edrei to meet Israel in battle.

34 The Lord said to Moses, “Don't be afraid of Og. I will help you defeat him and his army, just as you did King Sihon who ruled in Heshbon. Og's territory will be yours.”

35 So the Israelites wiped out Og, his family, and his entire army—there were no survivors. Then Israel took over the land of Bashan.

22 Israel moved from there to the hills of Moab, where they camped across the Jordan River from the town of Jericho.

King Balak of Moab Hires Balaam To Curse Israel

2-3 When King Balak[m] of Moab and his people heard how many Israelites there were and what they had done to the Amorites, he and the Moabites were terrified and panicked. They said to the Midianite leaders, “That huge mob of Israelites will wipe out everything in sight, like a bull eating grass in a field.”

So King Balak (I) sent a message to Balaam son of Beor who lived among his relatives in the town of Pethor near the Euphrates River. It said:

I need your help. A large group of people has come here from Egypt and settled near my territory. They are too powerful for us to defeat, so would you come and place a curse on them? Maybe then we can run them off. I know that anyone you bless will be successful, but anyone you curse will fail.

The leaders of Moab and Midian left and took along money to pay Balaam. When they got to his house, they gave him Balak's message.

“Spend the night here,” Balaam replied, “and tomorrow I will tell you the Lord's answer.” So the officials stayed at his house.

During the night, God asked Balaam, “Who are these people at your house?”

10 “They are messengers from King Balak of Moab,” Balaam answered. “He sent them 11 to ask me to go to Moab and put a curse on the people who have come there from Egypt. They have settled everywhere around him, and he wants to run them off.”

12 But God replied, “Don't go with Balak's messengers. I have blessed those people who have come from Egypt, so don't curse them.”

13 The next morning, Balaam said to Balak's officials, “Go on back home. The Lord says I cannot go with you.”

14 The officials left and told Balak that Balaam refused to come.

15 Then Balak sent a larger group of officials, who were even more important than the first ones. 16 They went to Balaam and told him that Balak had said, “Balaam, if you come to Moab, 17 I'll pay you very well and do whatever you ask. Just come and place a curse on these people.”

18 Balaam answered, “Even if Balak offered me a palace full of silver or gold, I wouldn't do anything to disobey the Lord my God. 19 You are welcome to spend the night here, just as the others did. I will find out if the Lord has something else to say about this.”

20 That night, God said, “Balaam, I'll let you go to Moab with Balak's messengers, but do only what I say.”

21 So Balaam got up the next morning and saddled his donkey, then left with the Moabite officials.

Balaam and His Donkey Meet an Angel

22 Balaam was riding his donkey to Moab, and two of his servants were with him. But God was angry that Balaam had gone, so one of the Lord's angels stood in the road to stop him. 23 When Balaam's donkey saw the angel standing there with a sword, it walked off the road and into an open field. Balaam had to beat the donkey to get it back on the road.

24 Then the angel stood between two vineyards, in a narrow path with a stone wall on each side. 25 When the donkey saw the angel, it walked so close to one of the walls that Balaam's foot scraped against the wall. Balaam beat the donkey again.

26 The angel moved once more and stood in a spot so narrow that there was no room for the donkey to go around. 27 So it just lay down. Balaam lost his temper, then picked up a stick and whacked the donkey.

28 When that happened, the Lord told the donkey to speak, and it asked Balaam, “What have I done that made you beat me three times?”

29 “You made me look stupid!” Balaam answered. “If I had a sword, I'd kill you here and now!”

30 “But you're my owner,” answered the donkey, “and you've ridden me many times. Have I ever done anything like this before?”

“No,” Balaam admitted.

31 Just then, the Lord let Balaam see the angel standing in the road, holding a sword, and Balaam bowed down.

32 The angel said, “You had no right to treat your donkey like that! I was the one who blocked your way, because I don't think you should go to Moab.[n] 33 If your donkey had not seen me and stopped those three times, I would have killed you and let the donkey live.”

34 Balaam replied, “I was wrong. I didn't know you were trying to stop me. If you don't think I should go, I'll return home at once.”

35 “It's all right for you to go,” the Lord's angel answered. “But you must say only what I tell you.” So Balaam went on with Balak's officials.

King Balak Meets Balaam

36 When Balak heard that Balaam was coming, he went to meet him at the town of Ir on the Arnon River, which is the northern border of Moab. 37 Balak asked, “Why didn't you come when I invited you the first time? Did you think I wasn't going to pay you?”

38 “I'm here now,” Balaam answered. “But I will say only what God tells me to say.”

39 They left and went to the town of Kiriath-Huzoth, 40 where Balak sacrificed cattle and sheep and gave some of the meat to Balaam and the officials who were with him.

41 The next morning, Balak took Balaam to the town of Bamoth-Baal. From there, Balaam could see some of the Israelites.[o]

Footnotes

  1. 20.1 first month: See the note at 9.3.
  2. 20.3 if we had died … sacred tent: See 16.41-49.
  3. 20.5 pomegranates: See the note at 13.23,24.
  4. 20.7,8 walking stick: A symbol of his authority.
  5. 20.17 the main road: The Hebrew text has “the King's Highway,” which was an important trade route through what is today the country of Jordan. It connected the city of Damascus in Syria with the Gulf of Aqaba in southern Jordan.
  6. 21.2 completely destroy … belong to you: The complete destruction of a town and everything in it, including its people and animals, showed that the town belonged to the Lord and could no longer be used by humans.
  7. 21.4 Red Sea: See the note at 14.25.
  8. 21.14 The Book of the Lord's Battles: This may have been a collection of ancient war songs.
  9. 21.20 Mount Pisgah: This probably refers to the highest peak in the Abarim Mountains in Moab.
  10. 21.22 the main road: See the note at 20.17.
  11. 21.28 destroying: One ancient translation; Hebrew “the rulers of.”
  12. 21.30 gone: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text of verse 30.
  13. 22.2,3 Balak: Hebrew “Balak son of Zippor.”
  14. 22.32 I don't think you should go to Moab: One possible meaning for the difficult Hebrew text.
  15. 22.41 Balaam could see some of the Israelites: For a curse to work, the people or thing being cursed had to be seen.

Water From the Rock

20 In the first month the whole Israelite community arrived at the Desert of Zin,(A) and they stayed at Kadesh.(B) There Miriam(C) died and was buried.

Now there was no water(D) for the community,(E) and the people gathered in opposition(F) to Moses and Aaron. They quarreled(G) with Moses and said, “If only we had died when our brothers fell dead(H) before the Lord!(I) Why did you bring the Lord’s community into this wilderness,(J) that we and our livestock should die here?(K) Why did you bring us up out of Egypt to this terrible place? It has no grain or figs, grapevines or pomegranates.(L) And there is no water to drink!(M)

Moses and Aaron went from the assembly to the entrance to the tent of meeting(N) and fell facedown,(O) and the glory of the Lord(P) appeared to them. The Lord said to Moses, “Take the staff,(Q) and you and your brother Aaron gather the assembly together. Speak to that rock before their eyes and it will pour out its water.(R) You will bring water out of the rock for the community so they and their livestock can drink.”

So Moses took the staff(S) from the Lord’s presence,(T) just as he commanded him. 10 He and Aaron gathered the assembly together(U) in front of the rock and Moses said to them, “Listen, you rebels, must we bring you water out of this rock?”(V) 11 Then Moses raised his arm and struck the rock twice with his staff. Water(W) gushed out, and the community and their livestock drank.

12 But the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “Because you did not trust in me enough to honor me as holy(X) in the sight of the Israelites, you will not bring this community into the land I give them.”(Y)

13 These were the waters of Meribah,[a](Z) where the Israelites quarreled(AA) with the Lord and where he was proved holy among them.(AB)

Edom Denies Israel Passage

14 Moses sent messengers from Kadesh(AC) to the king of Edom,(AD) saying:

“This is what your brother Israel says: You know(AE) about all the hardships(AF) that have come on us. 15 Our ancestors went down into Egypt,(AG) and we lived there many years.(AH) The Egyptians mistreated(AI) us and our ancestors, 16 but when we cried out to the Lord, he heard our cry(AJ) and sent an angel(AK) and brought us out of Egypt.(AL)

“Now we are here at Kadesh, a town on the edge of your territory.(AM) 17 Please let us pass through your country. We will not go through any field or vineyard, or drink water from any well. We will travel along the King’s Highway and not turn to the right or to the left until we have passed through your territory.(AN)

18 But Edom(AO) answered:

“You may not pass through here; if you try, we will march out and attack you with the sword.(AP)

19 The Israelites replied:

“We will go along the main road, and if we or our livestock(AQ) drink any of your water, we will pay for it.(AR) We only want to pass through on foot—nothing else.”

20 Again they answered:

“You may not pass through.(AS)

Then Edom(AT) came out against them with a large and powerful army. 21 Since Edom refused to let them go through their territory,(AU) Israel turned away from them.(AV)

The Death of Aaron

22 The whole Israelite community set out from Kadesh(AW) and came to Mount Hor.(AX) 23 At Mount Hor, near the border of Edom,(AY) the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, 24 “Aaron will be gathered to his people.(AZ) He will not enter the land I give the Israelites, because both of you rebelled against my command(BA) at the waters of Meribah.(BB) 25 Get Aaron and his son Eleazar and take them up Mount Hor.(BC) 26 Remove Aaron’s garments(BD) and put them on his son Eleazar, for Aaron will be gathered to his people;(BE) he will die there.”

27 Moses did as the Lord commanded: They went up Mount Hor(BF) in the sight of the whole community. 28 Moses removed Aaron’s garments and put them on his son Eleazar.(BG) And Aaron died there(BH) on top of the mountain. Then Moses and Eleazar came down from the mountain, 29 and when the whole community learned that Aaron had died,(BI) all the Israelites mourned for him(BJ) thirty days.

Arad Destroyed

21 When the Canaanite king of Arad,(BK) who lived in the Negev,(BL) heard that Israel was coming along the road to Atharim, he attacked the Israelites and captured some of them. Then Israel made this vow(BM) to the Lord: “If you will deliver these people into our hands, we will totally destroy[b](BN) their cities.” The Lord listened to Israel’s plea and gave the Canaanites(BO) over to them. They completely destroyed them(BP) and their towns; so the place was named Hormah.[c](BQ)

The Bronze Snake

They traveled from Mount Hor(BR) along the route to the Red Sea,[d](BS) to go around Edom.(BT) But the people grew impatient on the way;(BU) they spoke against God(BV) and against Moses, and said, “Why have you brought us up out of Egypt(BW) to die in the wilderness?(BX) There is no bread! There is no water!(BY) And we detest this miserable food!”(BZ)

Then the Lord sent venomous snakes(CA) among them; they bit the people and many Israelites died.(CB) The people came to Moses(CC) and said, “We sinned(CD) when we spoke against the Lord and against you. Pray that the Lord(CE) will take the snakes away from us.” So Moses prayed(CF) for the people.

The Lord said to Moses, “Make a snake and put it up on a pole;(CG) anyone who is bitten can look at it and live.” So Moses made a bronze snake(CH) and put it up on a pole. Then when anyone was bitten by a snake and looked at the bronze snake, they lived.(CI)

The Journey to Moab

10 The Israelites moved on and camped at Oboth.(CJ) 11 Then they set out from Oboth and camped in Iye Abarim, in the wilderness that faces Moab(CK) toward the sunrise. 12 From there they moved on and camped in the Zered Valley.(CL) 13 They set out from there and camped alongside the Arnon(CM), which is in the wilderness extending into Amorite territory. The Arnon is the border of Moab, between Moab and the Amorites.(CN) 14 That is why the Book of the Wars(CO) of the Lord says:

“. . . Zahab[e] in Suphah and the ravines,
    the Arnon 15 and[f] the slopes of the ravines
that lead to the settlement of Ar(CP)
    and lie along the border of Moab.”

16 From there they continued on to Beer,(CQ) the well where the Lord said to Moses, “Gather the people together and I will give them water.”

17 Then Israel sang this song:(CR)

“Spring up, O well!
    Sing about it,
18 about the well that the princes dug,
    that the nobles of the people sank—
    the nobles with scepters and staffs.”

Then they went from the wilderness to Mattanah, 19 from Mattanah to Nahaliel, from Nahaliel to Bamoth, 20 and from Bamoth to the valley in Moab where the top of Pisgah(CS) overlooks the wasteland.

Defeat of Sihon and Og

21 Israel sent messengers(CT) to say to Sihon(CU) king of the Amorites:(CV)

22 “Let us pass through your country. We will not turn aside into any field or vineyard, or drink water from any well. We will travel along the King’s Highway until we have passed through your territory.(CW)

23 But Sihon would not let Israel pass through his territory.(CX) He mustered his entire army and marched out into the wilderness against Israel. When he reached Jahaz,(CY) he fought with Israel.(CZ) 24 Israel, however, put him to the sword(DA) and took over his land(DB) from the Arnon to the Jabbok,(DC) but only as far as the Ammonites,(DD) because their border was fortified. 25 Israel captured all the cities of the Amorites(DE) and occupied them,(DF) including Heshbon(DG) and all its surrounding settlements. 26 Heshbon was the city of Sihon(DH) king of the Amorites,(DI) who had fought against the former king of Moab(DJ) and had taken from him all his land as far as the Arnon.(DK)

27 That is why the poets say:

“Come to Heshbon and let it be rebuilt;
    let Sihon’s city be restored.

28 “Fire went out from Heshbon,
    a blaze from the city of Sihon.(DL)
It consumed(DM) Ar(DN) of Moab,
    the citizens of Arnon’s heights.(DO)
29 Woe to you, Moab!(DP)
    You are destroyed, people of Chemosh!(DQ)
He has given up his sons as fugitives(DR)
    and his daughters as captives(DS)
    to Sihon king of the Amorites.

30 “But we have overthrown them;
    Heshbon’s dominion has been destroyed all the way to Dibon.(DT)
We have demolished them as far as Nophah,
    which extends to Medeba.(DU)

31 So Israel settled in the land of the Amorites.(DV)

32 After Moses had sent spies(DW) to Jazer,(DX) the Israelites captured its surrounding settlements and drove out the Amorites who were there. 33 Then they turned and went up along the road toward Bashan(DY),(DZ) and Og king of Bashan and his whole army marched out to meet them in battle at Edrei.(EA)

34 The Lord said to Moses, “Do not be afraid of him, for I have delivered him into your hands, along with his whole army and his land. Do to him what you did to Sihon king of the Amorites, who reigned in Heshbon.(EB)

35 So they struck him down, together with his sons and his whole army, leaving them no survivors.(EC) And they took possession of his land.(ED)

Balak Summons Balaam

22 Then the Israelites traveled to the plains of Moab(EE) and camped along the Jordan(EF) across from Jericho.(EG)

Now Balak son of Zippor(EH) saw all that Israel had done to the Amorites, and Moab was terrified because there were so many people. Indeed, Moab was filled with dread(EI) because of the Israelites.

The Moabites(EJ) said to the elders of Midian,(EK) “This horde is going to lick up everything(EL) around us, as an ox licks up the grass of the field.(EM)

So Balak son of Zippor, who was king of Moab at that time, sent messengers to summon Balaam son of Beor,(EN) who was at Pethor, near the Euphrates River,(EO) in his native land. Balak said:

“A people has come out of Egypt;(EP) they cover the face of the land and have settled next to me. Now come and put a curse(EQ) on these people, because they are too powerful for me. Perhaps then I will be able to defeat them and drive them out of the land.(ER) For I know that whoever you bless is blessed, and whoever you curse is cursed.”

The elders of Moab and Midian left, taking with them the fee for divination.(ES) When they came to Balaam, they told him what Balak had said.

“Spend the night here,” Balaam said to them, “and I will report back to you with the answer the Lord gives me.(ET)” So the Moabite officials stayed with him.

God came to Balaam(EU) and asked,(EV) “Who are these men with you?”

10 Balaam said to God, “Balak son of Zippor, king of Moab, sent me this message: 11 ‘A people that has come out of Egypt covers the face of the land. Now come and put a curse on them for me. Perhaps then I will be able to fight them and drive them away.’”

12 But God said to Balaam, “Do not go with them. You must not put a curse on those people, because they are blessed.(EW)

13 The next morning Balaam got up and said to Balak’s officials, “Go back to your own country, for the Lord has refused to let me go with you.”

14 So the Moabite officials returned to Balak and said, “Balaam refused to come with us.”

15 Then Balak sent other officials, more numerous and more distinguished than the first. 16 They came to Balaam and said:

“This is what Balak son of Zippor says: Do not let anything keep you from coming to me, 17 because I will reward you handsomely(EX) and do whatever you say. Come and put a curse(EY) on these people for me.”

18 But Balaam answered them, “Even if Balak gave me all the silver and gold in his palace, I could not do anything great or small to go beyond the command of the Lord my God.(EZ) 19 Now spend the night here so that I can find out what else the Lord will tell me.(FA)

20 That night God came to Balaam(FB) and said, “Since these men have come to summon you, go with them, but do only what I tell you.”(FC)

Balaam’s Donkey

21 Balaam got up in the morning, saddled his donkey and went with the Moabite officials. 22 But God was very angry(FD) when he went, and the angel of the Lord(FE) stood in the road to oppose him. Balaam was riding on his donkey, and his two servants were with him. 23 When the donkey saw the angel of the Lord standing in the road with a drawn sword(FF) in his hand, it turned off the road into a field. Balaam beat it(FG) to get it back on the road.

24 Then the angel of the Lord stood in a narrow path through the vineyards, with walls on both sides. 25 When the donkey saw the angel of the Lord, it pressed close to the wall, crushing Balaam’s foot against it. So he beat the donkey again.

26 Then the angel of the Lord moved on ahead and stood in a narrow place where there was no room to turn, either to the right or to the left. 27 When the donkey saw the angel of the Lord, it lay down under Balaam, and he was angry(FH) and beat it with his staff. 28 Then the Lord opened the donkey’s mouth,(FI) and it said to Balaam, “What have I done to you to make you beat me these three times?(FJ)

29 Balaam answered the donkey, “You have made a fool of me! If only I had a sword in my hand, I would kill you right now.(FK)

30 The donkey said to Balaam, “Am I not your own donkey, which you have always ridden, to this day? Have I been in the habit of doing this to you?”

“No,” he said.

31 Then the Lord opened Balaam’s eyes,(FL) and he saw the angel of the Lord standing in the road with his sword drawn. So he bowed low and fell facedown.

32 The angel of the Lord asked him, “Why have you beaten your donkey these three times? I have come here to oppose you because your path is a reckless one before me.[g] 33 The donkey saw me and turned away from me these three times. If it had not turned away, I would certainly have killed you by now,(FM) but I would have spared it.”

34 Balaam said to the angel of the Lord, “I have sinned.(FN) I did not realize you were standing in the road to oppose me. Now if you are displeased, I will go back.”

35 The angel of the Lord said to Balaam, “Go with the men, but speak only what I tell you.” So Balaam went with Balak’s officials.

36 When Balak(FO) heard that Balaam was coming, he went out to meet him at the Moabite town on the Arnon(FP) border, at the edge of his territory. 37 Balak said to Balaam, “Did I not send you an urgent summons? Why didn’t you come to me? Am I really not able to reward you?”

38 “Well, I have come to you now,” Balaam replied. “But I can’t say whatever I please. I must speak only what God puts in my mouth.”(FQ)

39 Then Balaam went with Balak to Kiriath Huzoth. 40 Balak sacrificed cattle and sheep,(FR) and gave some to Balaam and the officials who were with him. 41 The next morning Balak took Balaam up to Bamoth Baal,(FS) and from there he could see the outskirts of the Israelite camp.(FT)

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 20:13 Meribah means quarreling.
  2. Numbers 21:2 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them; also in verse 3.
  3. Numbers 21:3 Hormah means destruction.
  4. Numbers 21:4 Or the Sea of Reeds
  5. Numbers 21:14 Septuagint; Hebrew Waheb
  6. Numbers 21:15 Or “I have been given from Suphah and the ravines / of the Arnon 15 to
  7. Numbers 22:32 The meaning of the Hebrew for this clause is uncertain.